Chemical synthesis, isolation, purification and in vivo properties of anthocycanins - FRQNT-Team supplements grant

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most severe socio-economical and medical burdens worldwide. In Canada, around 750,000 people are affected by dementia (~7% of people aged 65+ years) and its overall cost is estimated to $Bn 12.2 (~1% of Canada GDP). This burden is constantly growing as prevalence of AD doubles every 5 years among people aged 65+ years. Current treatment for AD are only symptomatic and only 25-50% of patients respond to these treatments. We and others have demonstrated that some naturally available polyphenolic compounds could efficiently prevent multiple AD pathogenic mechanisms in the brain and even through the gut-brain axis. We have recently developed a proprietary formulation (MAF14001) of four specific polyphenols that showed to be a good candidate as treatment for AD. Our results suggest that the administration of MAF14001 formulation limits the spatial memory decline. However, the plasma concentrations remained relatively low and varied considerably, constituting an obstacle to efficacious polyphenols-based treatment. These observations are aligned with widespread observations that bioavailabity of polyphenols is a common limitation to their efficacy, due to chemical unstability in physiological environment and poor absorption. To remediate these issues, several strategies have already been tested successfully, particularly the incorporation of the phenolic compounds into emulsions to decrease their degradations throughout the gastro-intestinal tract and increase their absorption. Double emulsions of "Water-in-Oil-in-Water" (W1/O/W2) type are the best suited candidates for effective delivery of the polyphenolic compound. Therefore, we hypothesize that the incorporation of the formulation MAF14001 into a food-grade double-emulsion will enhance the bioaccessibility, the absorption and thus its effects on cognitive function of an AD mouse model.