Renewable Flex DC Building-Scale Energy Systems

可再生 Flex 直流建筑规模能源系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04500
• 负责人: Ordonez, Martin
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=708486
• 关键词: Renewable; Flex; DC; Building; Scale

Unprecedented expansion of native direct current (DC) powered equipment (computers, telecoms, data centers, consumer electronics) has increased global electricity consumption by 27% over the past decade. In US/Canada, over 800 TWh of DC energy is consumed every year, producing an associated 550 tons of harmful carbon emissions. DC electricity usage is projected to increase even further with the addition of 20 million DC-powered electric vehicles (EV) by 2020, putting a significant burden on a century-old power infrastructure. Since power utilities deliver alternating current (AC) rather than DC, the conversion process used to supply the existing and forthcoming DC loads is very inefficient. This program addresses flexible DC loading/generation within buildings by using a novel building-scale energy architecture. The short-term objective is to enable DC infrastructure within buildings to incorporate DC renewable generation and storage technologies (e.g. PV solar, batteries, and fuel cells) and to supply the increasing amount of DC powered equipment directly (phasing out AC). The innovative features of this program reside in the significant efficiency gain and the cost reduction opportunity provided by the novel power conversion architecture and topologies. The elimination of conversion stages (DC/AC and AC/DC) at the generation and load anticipates a reduction in emission and the maximization building efficiency. Advances in this area will enhance the storage and delivery of power to both consumers and utility providers. From the end user perspective, the building's power architecture will accommodate maximum DC power extraction (solar, batteries, fuel cells, etc.) and the next generation of high efficiency DC powering for lightning (LED), EV chargers, HVAC/cooling (variable speed), etc. From the utility perspective, the building-scale energy system will have a perfect energy consumer profile. It will provide a predictable/reliable single-point bidirectional interface, with reactive power injection, harmonic cancellation, and storage for peak shaving/backup. These features will produce remarkable benefits for the power utility. The long-term objective is to target R&D and final implementation of a flexible, modular power converters that concentrates on definitive technical challenges associated with topological flexibility, scalability, power sharing, and control for coordinated operation for DC infrastructure. Additional objectives are to provide HQP training in renewable power and develop IP for Canadian industries. Anticipating the high demand for engineers in renewable power, the program will deliver graduates with strong R&D skills for Canada. The research program fits into the government's strategy on science and technology by helping to accelerate the deployment of renewable power and meets NSERC's objectives by bringing originality and innovation.

本地直流(DC)供电设备(计算机、电信、数据中心、消费电子产品)的空前扩张在过去十年中使全球用电量增加了27%。在美国/加拿大，每年消耗超过800太瓦时的直流电，产生550吨有害碳排放。预计到2020年，随着2000万辆直流电动汽车(EV)的增加，直流用电量将进一步增加，这将给已有百年历史的电力基础设施带来重大负担。 由于电力公用事业提供的是交流电(AC)而不是直流电，用于向现有和即将到来的直流电负载供电的转换过程效率非常低。该计划通过使用一种新的建筑物规模的能源架构，解决了建筑物内灵活的直流负载/发电问题。短期目标是使建筑物内的直流基础设施能够采用直流可再生发电和存储技术(例如光伏太阳能、电池和燃料电池)，并直接供应越来越多的直流供电设备(逐步淘汰交流)。该方案的创新之处在于新型电源转换架构和拓扑提供了显著的效率提升和降低成本的机会。在发电和负荷时取消转换阶段(DC/AC和AC/DC)，预计将减少排放并最大限度地提高建筑效率。 这一领域的进步将增强电力的储存和向消费者和公用事业提供商的输送。从最终用户的角度来看，该建筑的电源架构将容纳最大的直流功率提取(太阳能、电池、燃料电池等)。以及下一代高效直流闪电供电(LED)、电动汽车充电器、暖通空调/冷却(变速)等。从公用事业的角度来看，建筑物规模的能源系统将拥有完美的能源消费者概况。它将提供可预测/可靠的单点双向接口，具有无功注入、谐波消除以及用于调峰/备份的存储。这些功能将为电力公用事业带来显著的好处。 我们的长期目标是研发和最终实施一种灵活的模块化电源转换器，专注于与拓扑灵活性、可扩展性、功率共享和控制相关的明确技术挑战，以协调DC基础设施的运行。其他目标是提供可再生能源方面的HQP培训，并为加拿大工业开发知识产权。预见到可再生能源领域对工程师的高需求，该项目将为加拿大培养具有强大研发技能的毕业生。该研究计划符合政府的科学和技术战略，有助于加快可再生能源的部署，并通过带来原创和创新来满足NSERC的目标。