Harnessing Flexible Resources and Wide-Area Sensing to Enable Smarter Power Grids that Automatically Combat Transmission Bottlenecks and Prevent Blackouts

加拿大的国民收入来源已从生产部门转移到服务部门。这种转变也发生在电力行业，其主要重点正在从发电转移到确保电力分配和管理的智能网络。由此产生的更复杂的综合系统面临着五个主要挑战：1）可预测性有限的可再生能源的大规模整合（例如，24小时预报可能受到10%误差的影响）和较小的惯性，2）老化资产，接近其稳定极限运行，3）插入新的FACTS和HVdc设备以提高可控性; 4）广泛推出同步相量装置和智能仪表，以实现广域可观测性，5）开放进入北美电力市场，其巨大的电力流量在大距离和分钟到分钟的交易。拟议的研究旨在提高资产利用率和灵活性，同时通过利用能够实现智能控制、广域态势感知和自动调度的新技术来控制这些压力电网中停电风险的增加。我们将专注于三个重点：A）PMU分析：在实时流分析框架中使用同步相量和操作数据开发智能广域态势感知系统。B）用于提高网络利用率的电网控制：开发稀疏性促进控制方案，用于智能负载、分布式存储和动态无功资源的弹性调制，以提高稳定性极限; C）自动网络运营商：开发智能调度器辅助，提供最佳发电机调度和网络切换序列，以修复安全违规并以最少的人为干预恢复系统安全裕度。通过新设备、流媒体分析和稳定性控制，我们将为更智能的电网的出现做出贡献，这些电网拥有丰富的数据和可再生能源，并在更接近极限的情况下运行。因此，我们的研究结果将涉及根据CEA 2050愿景塑造未来电力系统功能的五项技术：需求响应;促进分布式发电和电动汽车;优化资产使用;以及故障检测和缓解。预计研究成果将产生深远的技术和科学影响，为设计更灵活和优化的自适应电网监测和控制系统提供深入的理解和指导，并帮助加拿大建立和加强其在绿色领域的领导地位电力一体化。该计划还将培养大量高素质的人才，为他们提供智能电网和可再生能源整合方面的宝贵见解和经验，并使他们成为加拿大电力行业的专家。

The source of national income in Canada has been transferred from the production to services sector. Such a transition is also occurring in electric industry, where the main focus is being transferred from power generation to smart networks ensuring electricity distribution and management. The resulting more complex integrated system is facing five main challenges: 1) Massive integration of renewable energies with limited predictability (e.g., a 24-hour forecast can be affected by a 10% error) and less inertia, 2) Ageing asset, operated closer to its stability limit, 3) Insertion of new, FACTS and HVdc devices for increased controllability; 4) Widespread roll-out of synchrophasors units and smart meters for wide-area observability, 5) Open-access to North-American electricity markets with its huge power flows over large distances and minute-to-minute transactions. The proposed research aims at increasing asset utilization and flexibility while containing increased blackout risks in these stressed grids by harnessing new technologies that enable smart control, wide-area situational awareness and automated dispatching. We will focus on three Thrusts: A) PMU Analytics: Development of intelligent wide-area situational awareness system using synchrophasors and operational data in a real-time streaming analytics framework. B) Power grid control for improved network utilization: Development of sparsity promoting control schemes for resilient modulation of intelligent loads, distributed storage and dynamic Var resources to increase stability limits; C) Automatic network operator: Development of an intelligent dispatcher aid providing optimal generator schedules and network switching sequences to fix security violations and restore system safety margins with minimum human intervention. Through new devices, streaming analytics and stability controls, we will contribute to the emergence of smarter grids, rich in data and renewable energy sources, and operated closer to their limits. Our findings will hence touch on five technologies that are shaping the functionality of our tomorrow's electricity system according to CEA vision 2050: Demand response; Facilitation of distributed generation and electric vehicles; Optimization of asset use; And fault detection and mitigation. The research outcomes are expected to have a profound technological and scientific impact, in providing in-depth understanding and guidelines for engineering more flexible and optimized adaptive power grids monitoring and control systems, and in helping Canada to establish and reinforce its leadership in green electricity integration. This program will also train a large pool of highly qualified personnel, providing them with valuable insights and experiences in smart grid and renewable energies integration, and enabling them to emerge as expert additions to Canadian electricity industry.