Design and Scale-up of Reactors for Biomass Hydrolysis

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This research uses computational modelling and experimental studies to improve the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into sugars that can be used to produce renewable fuels and bioproducts. Currently, the operation of these systems is limited by problems with mixing and enzyme performance, which are influenced by the type of pretreatment, the type and dose of enzymes, and the amount of solids within the bioreactor. We propose to collect experimental data on mixing and biomass conversion using a range of pretreatment conditions/options, and different mixer/impeller configurations within the bioreactor. We will also collect video/observational data using mixing beads and viscous fluids to evaluate mixing. In parallel, we will develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to represent the two-phase slurry (solids plus liquid), accounting for the geometry of the reactor, the number and type of impellers, and the mixer RPM. The configuration of the CFD model will be validated using the experimental data outlined previously. We will create steady state and transient versions of the CFD model; the latter can track time-dependent changes in slurry viscosity and mixing as biomass is added to the batch reactor system. Once validated, the CFD model can be used to predict process performance with different reactor configurations, including different impeller diameters, use of axial versus radial impellers, use of anchor mixers or pump-arounds, and different RPMs. The optimization work conducted with the validated theoretical/numerical model is expected to identify/screen for critical design features, which can then be verified with a smaller set of experimental trials focusing upon the critical/target parameters. Long term, this work is expected to facilitate improvement in biomass conversion technologies, including commercial development of systems to produce low cost renewable sugars.