Bioengineering Next Generation Biopolymers

生物工程下一代生物聚合物

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2017-04945
负责人：
Levin, David
金额：
$ 1.75万
依托单位：
University of Manitoba
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711307
关键词：
Bioengineering Next Generation Biopolymers

项目摘要

Global production of petroleum-derived plastics is in excess of 310 million metric tonnes. Significant amounts (22% to 43%) of these non-biodegradable plastic materials are disposed of in municipal land-fill sites and million tonnes per year of plastic materials are accumulating in the oceans and pose a significant threat to ocean ecosystems. There is a growing market pull for renewable and biodegradable polymeric products, both in Canada and internationally, to reduce our dependence on non-biodegradable, petroleum-based polymers. Bio-based, biodegradable plastics offer great potential to displace non-degradable polymers for many commercial applications. The overall objective of my research program is to create and characterize novel medium chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) polymers synthesized by bacteria that are tailored to specific novel applications. The sub-unit composition of these polymers determines their physical and thermal properties, which in-turn determines the specific uses. Microbially synthesized PHA polymers are both biodegradable and biocompatible, and have great potential as alternative source of polyester polymers for a wide variety of industrial applications, such as bioresins in biocomposite materials, as biodegradable packaging films, 3-D printing of biodegradable plastic components as scaffolds for tissue engineering, and/or as capsules for slow release of pharmaceuticals. The proposed research will combine the use of genetic engineering and bioprocess engineering approaches to induce the microbial synthesis of PHA polymers with novel subunit composition from low cost, renewable sources. We will characterize the physical and thermal properties of these polymers, modifying the polymers to create novel physical and/or thermal properties suitable for high-value applications. The proposed research will support four PhD students and eight undergraduate students who will acquire advanced skills in molecular biology, bioprocess engineering, and material sciences. This research will open new fields of study and drive innovation that will focus on the development of new products and applications (i.e. renewable food packaging, tissue engineering scaffolds, biodegradable wound dressings, biocompatible implants, etc.). Both the European Union and the United States of America have developed bio-economy strategies with a clear focus on innovation for environmental sustainability. To remain competitive in the global bioeconomy, Canada must remain at the leading edge of innovation, using biotechnology and bioprocess engineering to develop novel polymers for industrial applications.

石油衍生的塑料的全球生产超过3.1亿吨。这些不可降解的塑料材料中有大量（22％至43％）在市政填充地点处置，每年每年的塑料材料在海洋中积累，并对海洋生态系统构成重大威胁。在加拿大和国际上，可再生和可生物降解的聚合物产品的市场不断增长，以减少我们对非生物降解的基于石油的聚合物的依赖。基于生物的可生物降解塑料为许多商业应用提供了不可降解的聚合物的巨大潜力。我的研究计划的总体目的是创建和表征新型的中链多链长聚-3-羟基烷酸盐（MCL-PHA）聚合物，该聚合物由细菌合成，这些聚合物由细菌量身定制，这些细菌是针对特定新型应用定制的。这些聚合物的子单位组成决定了它们的物理和热性能，这在旋转确定了特定用途。 Microbially synthesized PHA polymers are both biodegradable and biocompatible, and have great potential as alternative source of polyester polymers for a wide variety of industrial applications, such as bioresins in biocomposite materials, as biodegradable packaging films, 3-D printing of biodegradable plastic components as scaffolds for tissue engineering, and/or as capsules for slow release of pharmaceuticals.拟议的研究将结合基因工程和生物处理工程方法的使用，以诱导PHA聚合物的微生物合成与低成本（可再生能源）的新型亚基组成。我们将表征这些聚合物的物理和热性能，从而改变聚合物以创建适合高价值应用的新型物理和/或热性能。拟议的研究将支持四名博士生和八名本科生，他们将获得分子生物学，生物处理工程和物质科学领域的高级技能。这项研究将开放新的研究和驱动创新领域，该领域将集中于新产品和应用的开发（即可再生食品包装，组织工程支架，可生物降解的伤口敷料，生物相容性植入物等）。欧盟和美利坚合众国都制定了生物经济策略，清楚地关注环境可持续性的创新。为了在全球生物经济学中保持竞争力，加拿大必须使用生物技术和生物处理工程来开发用于工业应用的新型聚合物。