From Low to High Coordinate Group 14 Compounds: Exploratory Chemistry

从低到高配位族 14 化合物：探索化学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06023
• 负责人: Baines, Kim
• 金额: $ 4.37万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711985
• 关键词: Low; Coordinate; Group; 14; Compounds

As a society, we are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of human activity and the dire need to develop cleaner technologies and to use our resources more efficiently. Baines is a world-renowned researcher in main group chemistry with a research focus on the synthesis and chemistry of the unsaturated derivatives of heavy Group 14 elements. The long term vision for her research program is to use her extensive knowledge and understanding of the chemistry of unsaturated Group 14 compounds to provide innovative solutions which address these important societal challenges. The proposed research can be divided into three themes. Theme 1: She proposes to synthesize ligand-stabilized silicon dications and ligand-stabilized binary germanium and tin chalcogenides and to examine the conversion of these simple complexes to nanomaterials. Theme 2: Two methods for the elaboration of ammonia to amines, reagents used in many areas of chemistry, will be examined. She will explore the insertion of alkenes into the NH bond of ammonia utilizing amido-substituted germanium or tin(II) compounds as catalysts. She will also investigate the reaction of doubly-bonded compounds of the heavier Group 14 elements with ammonia as a second method for the synthesis of functionalized amines. Theme 3: She will develop alternative methods for the synthesis of technologically important germanium and tin compounds which avoid the use of highly corrosive and toxic chlorine-based reagents. The vision is to develop industrially-relevant protocols for the processing and recycling of germanium and tin which are efficient and environmentally-friendly to ensure that these two important elements will be available for future generations. Hexacoordinate complexes of germanium and tin will be utilized as key intermediates and the synthesis and reactivity of several complexes of this type will be explored. The Baines research program will provide excellent training opportunities for students and the results will contribute new knowledge which can be used to address two important chemical challenges: how to derivatize ammonia and how to cleanly produce technologically important materials. Baines was awarded the Humboldt Research Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Germany and the Montreal Medal from the Chemical Institute of Canada, both in 2016. She was a DAAD Scholar (Research Stay for University Academics and Scientists from the German Academic Exchange Service) at the University of Oldenburg in 2015. In the last 6 years, she has published 33 journal articles, 2 data reports and given 36 invited presentations including 4 plenaries. She has supervised 30 HQP, including several national scholarship winners. Her HQP have given 31 conference presentations across the globe. Over 90% of the students she has supervised are contributing directly to the Canadian economy as academics and professional chemists.

作为一个社会，我们越来越意识到人类活动对环境的影响，以及开发清洁技术和更有效地利用资源的迫切需要。贝恩斯是世界著名的主族化学研究员，研究重点是第14族重元素不饱和衍生物的合成和化学。她的研究项目的长期愿景是利用她对不饱和 14 族化合物化学的广泛知识和理解，提供创新的解决方案来应对这些重要的社会挑战。拟议的研究可分为三个主题。主题 1：她建议合成配体稳定的硅阳离子和配体稳定的二元锗和锡硫属化物，并研究这些简单配合物向纳米材料的转化。主题 2：将研究将氨合成胺的两种方法，胺是许多化学领域使用的试剂。她将探索利用酰胺基取代的锗或锡 (II) 化合物作为催化剂将烯烃插入氨的 NH 键。她还将研究 14 族较重元素的双键化合物与氨的反应，作为合成功能化胺的第二种方法。主题 3：她将开发合成技术上重要的锗和锡化合物的替代方法，避免使用高腐蚀性和有毒的氯基试剂。我们的愿景是制定高效且环保的锗和锡加工和回收工业相关协议，以确保子孙后代能够获得这两种重要元素。锗和锡的六配位配合物将被用作关键中间体，并将探索几种此类配合物的合成和反应性。 贝恩斯研究项目将为学生提供极好的培训机会，其结果将贡献新知识，可用于解决两个重要的化学挑战：如何衍生氨以及如何清洁生产技术上重要的材料。 贝恩斯于 2016 年获得德国亚历山大·冯·洪堡基金会颁发的洪堡研究奖和加拿大化学研究所颁发的蒙特利尔奖章。她于 2015 年成为奥尔登堡大学 DAAD 学者（德国学术交流中心大学学者和科学家的研究停留）。在过去 6 年里，她发表了 33 篇期刊文章、2 份数据报告，并进行了 36 场特邀报告，其中包括 4 次全体会议。她指导过30个总部项目，其中包括多名国家奖学金获得者。她的 HQP 已在全球范围内进行了 31 次会议演讲。她指导的学生中有超过 90% 作为学者和专业化学家直接为加拿大经济做出贡献。