From Low to High Coordinate Group 14 Compounds: Exploratory Chemistry

从低到高配位族 14 化合物：探索化学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06023
• 负责人: Baines, Kim
• 金额: $ 4.37万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711985
• 关键词: Low; Coordinate; Group; 14; Compounds

As a society, we are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of human activity and the dire need to develop cleaner technologies and to use our resources more efficiently. Baines is a world-renowned researcher in main group chemistry with a research focus on the synthesis and chemistry of the unsaturated derivatives of heavy Group 14 elements. The long term vision for her research program is to use her extensive knowledge and understanding of the chemistry of unsaturated Group 14 compounds to provide innovative solutions which address these important societal challenges. The proposed research can be divided into three themes. Theme 1: She proposes to synthesize ligand-stabilized silicon dications and ligand-stabilized binary germanium and tin chalcogenides and to examine the conversion of these simple complexes to nanomaterials. Theme 2: Two methods for the elaboration of ammonia to amines, reagents used in many areas of chemistry, will be examined. She will explore the insertion of alkenes into the NH bond of ammonia utilizing amido-substituted germanium or tin(II) compounds as catalysts. She will also investigate the reaction of doubly-bonded compounds of the heavier Group 14 elements with ammonia as a second method for the synthesis of functionalized amines. Theme 3: She will develop alternative methods for the synthesis of technologically important germanium and tin compounds which avoid the use of highly corrosive and toxic chlorine-based reagents. The vision is to develop industrially-relevant protocols for the processing and recycling of germanium and tin which are efficient and environmentally-friendly to ensure that these two important elements will be available for future generations. Hexacoordinate complexes of germanium and tin will be utilized as key intermediates and the synthesis and reactivity of several complexes of this type will be explored. The Baines research program will provide excellent training opportunities for students and the results will contribute new knowledge which can be used to address two important chemical challenges: how to derivatize ammonia and how to cleanly produce technologically important materials. Baines was awarded the Humboldt Research Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Germany and the Montreal Medal from the Chemical Institute of Canada, both in 2016. She was a DAAD Scholar (Research Stay for University Academics and Scientists from the German Academic Exchange Service) at the University of Oldenburg in 2015. In the last 6 years, she has published 33 journal articles, 2 data reports and given 36 invited presentations including 4 plenaries. She has supervised 30 HQP, including several national scholarship winners. Her HQP have given 31 conference presentations across the globe. Over 90% of the students she has supervised are contributing directly to the Canadian economy as academics and professional chemists.

作为一个社会，我们越来越意识到人类活动对环境的影响，以及迫切需要开发更清洁的技术和更有效地利用我们的资源。Baines是世界著名的主族化学研究者，主要研究14族重元素的不饱和衍生物的合成和化学。她的研究计划的长期愿景是利用她对不饱和14族化合物化学的广泛知识和理解，为解决这些重要的社会挑战提供创新的解决方案。本研究可分为三个主题。主题1：她建议合成配体稳定的硅指示物和配体稳定的锗锡二元硫族化合物，并研究这些简单配合物向纳米材料的转化。主题2：将审查两种将氨精制成胺的方法，这是化学许多领域中使用的试剂。她将探索利用酰胺取代锗或锡（II）化合物作为催化剂将烯烃插入氨的NH键。她还将研究重14族元素的双键化合物与氨的反应，作为合成功能化胺的第二种方法。主题3：她将开发合成技术上重要的锗和锡化合物的替代方法，避免使用高腐蚀性和有毒的氯基试剂。我们的愿景是为加工和回收锗和锡制定工业相关的协议，这些协议既有效又对环境友好，以确保子孙后代能够获得这两种重要元素。本文将利用锗和锡的六配位配合物作为关键中间体，并探讨几种这类配合物的合成及其反应性。