Sustainable Road Pavements for Harsh Canadian Climates

在全国范围内，加拿大有超过一百万公里的铺砌道路。虽然加拿大拥有丰富的自然美景和地理，但它也有独特而恶劣的气候。由于这个国家很大，不同地区的气候也不同。天气因素（如雨、温度、雪）的大小和模式各不相同，对路面的设计、施工、维护和性能有不同的影响。这些因素也导致了各种路面问题的发展，如坑洼、车辙和路面湿滑。这些困扰影响交通安全、流动性和经济生产力。为了减轻这些影响，道路管理机构每年花费数亿美元用于维修和保养路面。本研究计划旨在解决沥青路面中一些重新出现的问题。具体来说，本研究项目包括三个研究组成部分：1)水致损伤研究和抗水损伤增强路面的开发；本研究的目的是全面了解路面中进入的水如何导致沥青-骨料混合物中所有子系统的沥青从骨料中剥离，并评估和确定特定于恶劣气候的防潮添加剂。2)车辙现象的调查和改进的车辙抗路面混合物的开发。这一研究组成部分将调查在一个地区的未知原因车辙，所有的因素，一般已知从过去的研究中，导致车辙是不存在或非常小的幅度。研究了常规配合比设计因素、骨料岩相效应、骨料结构设计、胶结剂含量和胶结剂的贡献等因素的影响。这项研究的目标是设计一种具有可持续防冰添加剂或技术的路面混合物，以减少冬季维护所需的总盐量，同时不影响路面的功能和安全要求。这些步骤的研究结果将用于开发一种最佳的沥青混合料设计，该混合料具有增强的防潮添加剂、抗车辙性和盐包覆聚合物。提出的研究计划包括基础研究和应用研究。总共将培训六名学生。在这个过程中，团队将通过了解沥青材料的复杂行为来开发这些主题的新知识，并将模拟路面在加拿大恶劣气候下的表现。该项目的预期结果将有助于设计持久耐用的路面，降低维护成本，更有效地利用用于基础设施的公共资金。

Across the country, Canada has more than a million kilometers of paved roads. Although Canada has rich natural beauty and geography, it also has a unique and harsh climate. Since the country is significantly large, the climate varies between regions. Weather factors (e.g., rain, temperature, snow) with their differing magnitudes and patterns each have different types of impacts on the design, construction, maintenance and performance of pavement. These factors also contribute to the development of various pavement distresses, such as the creation of potholes, rutting, and slippery road surfaces. These distresses impact traffic safety, mobility and economic productivity. To mitigate these effects, road agencies spend hundreds of millions of dollars each year for repairing and maintenance of their road pavements. This research program is designed to address some of the resurgent issues in asphalt pavement. Specifically, this research program consists of three research components: 1) Investigation of Moisture Induced Damages and Development of an Enhanced Moisture Damage Resistant Pavement: The goal of this research is to generate a thorough understanding of how ingressed water in pavements induces the stripping of asphalt from aggregate in all subsystems of an asphalt-aggregate mixture, and to evaluate and determine moisture repellent additives specific to harsh climates 2) Investigation of the Rutting Phenomenon and Development of an Improved Rut Resistant Paving Mixtures: This research component will investigate the unknown causes of rutting in a region where all the factors that are generally known from past research to cause rutting are absent or very minimal in magnitude. The effects of conventional mix design factors, the petrographic effects of aggregates, aggregate structural design, mastic fraction and binder's contribution will be studied 3) Investigation and Development of Self-Deicing Pavement for Sustainable Snow and Ice Control: The goal of this research component is to design a pavement mix with a sustainable anti-icing additive or technology that will reduce the total salt required for the winter maintenance, without compromising the pavement's functional and safety requirements. The findings from these steps will be used to develop an optimal asphalt mixture design with enhanced moisture repellent additives, rut resistant and salt encapsulated polymers. The proposed research program includes both fundamental and applied research. A total of six students will be trained. In this process, the team will develop new knowledge on these topics by understanding the complex behaviour of asphaltic materials, and will model how pavement performs under the harsh Canadian climate. The results expected from this program will contribute to the design of a long lasting pavement with lower maintenance costs that more effectively utilizes public money spent on infrastructure.