Sustainable Road Pavements for Harsh Canadian Climates

在全国范围内，加拿大有100多万公里的铺设道路。加拿大虽然拥有丰富的自然风光和地理位置，但它也拥有独特而恶劣的气候。由于这个国家幅员辽阔，不同地区的气候有所不同。天气因素(如雨、温、雪)具有不同的大小和模式，对路面的设计、施工、养护和使用性能有不同类型的影响。这些因素还导致各种路面破损的发展，如坑坑洼洼、车辙和湿滑的路面。这些问题影响了交通安全、机动性和经济生产力。为了减轻这些影响，道路机构每年花费数亿美元修复和维护他们的道路人行道。这项研究计划旨在解决沥青路面中一些死灰复燃的问题。具体地说，这项研究计划由三个研究部分组成：1)湿致损害调查和增强抗水损害路面的开发：本研究的目标是彻底了解路面中浸入的水如何导致沥青-集料混合料所有子系统中的沥青从集料中剥离，并评估和确定针对恶劣气候的防潮添加剂2)车辙现象的调查和改进抗车辙混合料的开发：该研究部分将在一个过去研究中通常知道的导致车辙的所有因素都不存在或非常微小的地区调查车辙的未知原因。将研究常规配合比设计因素、集料的岩相效应、集料结构设计、胶乳含量和粘结剂的贡献3)可持续防雪防冰自除冰路面的研究和开发：本研究部分的目标是设计一种具有可持续防冰剂或技术的路面混合料，在不影响路面的功能和安全要求的情况下，减少冬季养护所需的总盐分。这些步骤的结果将用于开发具有增强的防潮添加剂、抗车辙和盐包覆聚合物的最佳沥青混合料设计。拟议的研究计划既包括基础研究，也包括应用研究。共有六名学生将接受培训。在这个过程中，研究小组将通过了解沥青材料的复杂行为来发展关于这些主题的新知识，并将模拟路面在加拿大恶劣气候下的表现。该计划的预期结果将有助于设计出更低维护成本、更有效地利用花费在基础设施上的公共资金的持久路面。

Across the country, Canada has more than a million kilometers of paved roads. Although Canada has rich natural beauty and geography, it also has a unique and harsh climate. Since the country is significantly large, the climate varies between regions. Weather factors (e.g., rain, temperature, snow) with their differing magnitudes and patterns each have different types of impacts on the design, construction, maintenance and performance of pavement. These factors also contribute to the development of various pavement distresses, such as the creation of potholes, rutting, and slippery road surfaces. These distresses impact traffic safety, mobility and economic productivity. To mitigate these effects, road agencies spend hundreds of millions of dollars each year for repairing and maintenance of their road pavements. This research program is designed to address some of the resurgent issues in asphalt pavement. Specifically, this research program consists of three research components: 1) Investigation of Moisture Induced Damages and Development of an Enhanced Moisture Damage Resistant Pavement: The goal of this research is to generate a thorough understanding of how ingressed water in pavements induces the stripping of asphalt from aggregate in all subsystems of an asphalt-aggregate mixture, and to evaluate and determine moisture repellent additives specific to harsh climates 2) Investigation of the Rutting Phenomenon and Development of an Improved Rut Resistant Paving Mixtures: This research component will investigate the unknown causes of rutting in a region where all the factors that are generally known from past research to cause rutting are absent or very minimal in magnitude. The effects of conventional mix design factors, the petrographic effects of aggregates, aggregate structural design, mastic fraction and binder's contribution will be studied 3) Investigation and Development of Self-Deicing Pavement for Sustainable Snow and Ice Control: The goal of this research component is to design a pavement mix with a sustainable anti-icing additive or technology that will reduce the total salt required for the winter maintenance, without compromising the pavement's functional and safety requirements. The findings from these steps will be used to develop an optimal asphalt mixture design with enhanced moisture repellent additives, rut resistant and salt encapsulated polymers. The proposed research program includes both fundamental and applied research. A total of six students will be trained. In this process, the team will develop new knowledge on these topics by understanding the complex behaviour of asphaltic materials, and will model how pavement performs under the harsh Canadian climate. The results expected from this program will contribute to the design of a long lasting pavement with lower maintenance costs that more effectively utilizes public money spent on infrastructure.