Sustainable Road Pavements for Harsh Canadian Climates

加拿大全国有超过一百万公里的铺设道路。尽管加拿大拥有丰富的自然美景和地理，但它也有独特而恶劣的气候。由于该国幅员辽阔，各地区的气候各不相同。天气因素（例如雨、温度、雪）具有不同的强度和模式，对路面的设计、施工、维护和性能都有不同类型的影响。这些因素还会导致各种路面病害的发生，例如坑洼、车辙和湿滑路面的产生。这些问题影响交通安全、流动性和经济生产力。为了减轻这些影响，道路机构每年花费数亿美元用于道路路面的维修和保养。该研究计划旨在解决沥青路面中一些重新出现的问题。具体来说，该研究计划由三个研究部分组成： 1) 湿气引起的损坏的调查和增强型抗湿气损坏路面的开发：这项研究的目标是深入了解路面渗入的水如何导致沥青-骨料混合物的所有子系统中的骨料上的沥青剥离，并评估和确定针对恶劣气候的防潮添加剂 2) 车辙现象和开发改进的抗车辙铺路混合物：该研究部分将调查某个地区车辙的未知原因，该地区过去研究中已知的所有导致车辙的因素均不存在或程度极小。将研究传统配合比设计因素、集料的岩相效应、集料结构设计、胶粘剂分数和粘合剂的贡献。 3) 用于可持续冰雪控制的自除冰路面的调查和开发：该研究部分的目标是设计一种具有可持续防冰添加剂或技术的路面配合比，以减少冬季维护所需的总盐量，同时不影响路面的功能和安全要求。这些步骤的结果将用于开发具有增强防潮添加剂、抗车辙和盐封装聚合物的最佳沥青混合料设计。拟议的研究计划包括基础研究和应用研究。总共将培训六名学生。在此过程中，团队将通过了解沥青材料的复杂行为来开发有关这些主题的新知识，并将模拟路面在加拿大恶劣气候下的表现。该计划的预期结果将有助于设计一条持久耐用的路面，维护成本更低，更有效地利用用于基础设施的公共资金。

Across the country, Canada has more than a million kilometers of paved roads. Although Canada has rich natural beauty and geography, it also has a unique and harsh climate. Since the country is significantly large, the climate varies between regions. Weather factors (e.g., rain, temperature, snow) with their differing magnitudes and patterns each have different types of impacts on the design, construction, maintenance and performance of pavement. These factors also contribute to the development of various pavement distresses, such as the creation of potholes, rutting, and slippery road surfaces. These distresses impact traffic safety, mobility and economic productivity. To mitigate these effects, road agencies spend hundreds of millions of dollars each year for repairing and maintenance of their road pavements. This research program is designed to address some of the resurgent issues in asphalt pavement. Specifically, this research program consists of three research components: 1) Investigation of Moisture Induced Damages and Development of an Enhanced Moisture Damage Resistant Pavement: The goal of this research is to generate a thorough understanding of how ingressed water in pavements induces the stripping of asphalt from aggregate in all subsystems of an asphalt-aggregate mixture, and to evaluate and determine moisture repellent additives specific to harsh climates 2) Investigation of the Rutting Phenomenon and Development of an Improved Rut Resistant Paving Mixtures: This research component will investigate the unknown causes of rutting in a region where all the factors that are generally known from past research to cause rutting are absent or very minimal in magnitude. The effects of conventional mix design factors, the petrographic effects of aggregates, aggregate structural design, mastic fraction and binder's contribution will be studied 3) Investigation and Development of Self-Deicing Pavement for Sustainable Snow and Ice Control: The goal of this research component is to design a pavement mix with a sustainable anti-icing additive or technology that will reduce the total salt required for the winter maintenance, without compromising the pavement's functional and safety requirements. The findings from these steps will be used to develop an optimal asphalt mixture design with enhanced moisture repellent additives, rut resistant and salt encapsulated polymers. The proposed research program includes both fundamental and applied research. A total of six students will be trained. In this process, the team will develop new knowledge on these topics by understanding the complex behaviour of asphaltic materials, and will model how pavement performs under the harsh Canadian climate. The results expected from this program will contribute to the design of a long lasting pavement with lower maintenance costs that more effectively utilizes public money spent on infrastructure.