Mechanisms Underlying Rumination

沉思背后的机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04837
• 负责人: LeMoult, Joelle
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713000
• 关键词: Mechanisms; Underlying; Rumination

The primary goal of the proposed research is to understand the basic cognitive mechanisms underlying rumination a perseverative and passive cognitive style characterized by difficulty disengaging from thoughts about negative emotions and problems. Although rumination is a pervasive and universal phenomenon, the cognitive components that underlie it are not yet fully understood. Contemporary conceptualizations of rumination maintain that negative cognitive control biases are the primary mechanism underlying rumination. Cognitive control refers to people's ability to control the contents of working memory by overriding automatic responses or by inhibiting irrelevant or previously relevant material. Importantly, cognitive control is not a unitary construct. It consists of three related cognitive components: shifting, inhibiting, and updating. Surprisingly, rumination theory and research have overlooked the complexity of cognitive control biases, resulting in imprecise and over-general models of rumination. The program of research proposed here aims to identify the cognitive mechanisms underlying rumination by conducting a series of studies that test the components of cognitive control that predict rumination across various contexts (Objective 1) and to characterize the physiological mechanisms through which different aspects of cognitive control affect rumination (Objective 2). The proposed series of experimental and real-world studies are designed to alter our understanding of the mechanisms underlying rumination. Findings from this research are intended to create a more complete and accurate theoretical model of rumination by taking into account the complexity of cognitive control biases.

本研究的主要目的是了解反刍的基本认知机制，反刍是一种持续和被动的认知方式，其特征是难以从对负面情绪和问题的思考中解脱出来。虽然反刍是一种普遍存在的现象，但其背后的认知成分尚未完全了解。 当代的反刍概念认为，负性认知控制偏差是反刍的主要机制。认知控制是指人们通过压制自动反应或抑制无关或先前相关的材料来控制工作记忆内容的能力。重要的是，认知控制不是一个单一的结构。它由三个相关的认知成分组成：转移，抑制和更新。令人惊讶的是，反刍理论和研究忽视了认知控制偏差的复杂性，导致反刍模型不精确和过于笼统。 本文提出的研究计划旨在通过进行一系列研究来确定反刍的认知机制，这些研究测试了在各种背景下预测反刍的认知控制的组成部分（目标1），并描述了认知控制的不同方面影响反刍的生理机制（目标2）。拟议的一系列实验和现实世界的研究旨在改变我们对反刍机制的理解。本研究的发现旨在通过考虑认知控制偏差的复杂性，建立一个更完整、更准确的反刍理论模型。