Technical Characteristics and Market Design Aspects of Flexibility Service Provisions in Smart Grids

智能电网灵活性服务提供的技术特征和市场设计方面

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04718
• 负责人: Bhattacharya, Kankar
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713196
• 关键词: Technical; Characteristics; Market; Design; Aspects

Since electric power production and its consumption occurs concurrently, a mismatch between them can result in reliability concerns for power system operators. The increasing penetration of highly variable and intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) and uncertain loading patterns from increasing penetration of electric vehicles, necessitates more flexibility provisions in the power system. This is indeed because the supply and demand mismatch uncertainty has increased significantly, can occur instantaneously, and this requires the power grid to be able to react to such sudden fluctuations and accommodate new operating states within an acceptable time-frame and cost. Flexibility is the ability of a system to adopt an alternate course of action from a given state, within an acceptable cost threshold and time window, to respond to a range of uncertain future states. While in the traditional power grids, flexibility has mainly been provided by controllable generating units, in the paradigm of smart grids, a bidirectional flexibility provision is possible from various distributed energy resources (DERs) at the demand side. Hence, the notion of flexibility has been receiving attention in recent years. The present research will carry out comprehensive studies to understand the technical characteristics of flexibility service provisions and the future system needs of flexibility services, and the market design of flexibility services both at the wholesale and retail level. The main research objectives of this project are to undertake a comprehensive review to quantify flexibility service market design both those currently in use and those being considered by independent system operators (ISOs) to address future needs; drawing on experiences from various markets to provide key insights. To investigate the technical characteristics of various flexibility resources at the wholesale and retail levels for participation in ISO operated ancillary service markets or Local Distribution Company (LDC) operated retail markets. These provisions will include energy storage systems (ESS), demand response (DR), smart loads, electric vehicles, etc. To investigate short-term market designs to incentivize the flexibility service providers, which is necessary to compliment the increasing penetration of RES. To focus on intra-day and balancing markets from a market point of view with particular focus on incentives for market participants, including those connected to the DSO grids. And finally, to propose novel frameworks for aggregators in smart grids for optimal integration of DERs to improve the system flexibly and security, while not affecting customer's comfort preferences. The research will examine the requirements of flexibility and security at nodal level, determine the availability of DERs for flexibility services, and simultaneously determine the aggregators' provisions.

由于电力生产及其消耗同时发生，它们之间的不匹配可能导致电力系统运营商的可靠性问题。高度可变和间歇性可再生能源（RES）的渗透率不断增加，以及电动汽车渗透率不断增加带来的不确定负载模式，需要在电力系统中提供更多的灵活性。这确实是因为供应和需求不匹配的不确定性已经显著增加，可以瞬间发生，并且这要求电网能够对这种突然波动做出反应，并且在可接受的时间范围和成本内适应新的操作状态。 灵活性是系统在可接受的成本阈值和时间窗口内从给定状态采取替代行动过程以响应一系列不确定的未来状态的能力。虽然在传统电网中，灵活性主要由可控发电机组提供，但在智能电网的范例中，可以从需求侧的各种分布式能源（DER）提供双向灵活性。因此，灵活性的概念近年来受到关注。 本研究将进行全面的研究，以了解灵活服务提供的技术特点和灵活服务的未来系统需求，以及在批发和零售层面的灵活服务的市场设计。该项目的主要研究目标是进行全面的审查，以量化灵活性服务市场设计，包括目前使用的和独立系统运营商（ISO）正在考虑的，以满足未来的需求;借鉴来自不同市场的经验，提供关键的见解。调查批发和零售层面上各种灵活性资源的技术特征，以参与ISO运营的辅助服务市场或本地分销公司（LDC）运营的零售市场。这些规定将包括储能系统（ESS）、需求响应（DR）、智能负载、电动汽车等。研究短期市场设计，以激励灵活性服务提供商，这对于补充RES日益增长的渗透率是必要的。从市场角度关注日内和平衡市场，特别关注市场参与者的激励措施，包括连接到DSO电网的那些。最后，提出了新的框架聚合器在智能电网中的最佳集成的DER，以提高系统的灵活性和安全性，而不影响客户的舒适度偏好。该研究将检查在节点级别的灵活性和安全性的要求，确定灵活性服务的DER的可用性，并同时确定聚合器的规定。