Developing New Approaches for Main-Group Molecules and Materials in Catalysis

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The renaissance in main-group chemistry has thrust a spotlight onto exploring unprecedented reactivity extracted from molecules containing boron and phosphorus. In many cases, these metal-free systems provide new and interesting ways to effect chemical transformations once only attainable by transition metal complexes. Still, drawbacks exist to current technology which makes it challenging to compete industrially with transition metal mediated processes. The overarching theme of the proposed research program is to tackle these drawbacks through the design, synthesis and characterization of new, low-cost molecules and materials derived from main-group elements. More specifically, one stream focuses on using unique molecular architecture to induce reactivity upon addition of an external stimulant to develop a Lewis acidic switch. The modular construction will allow for highly adjustable properties that will tune reactivity. Utilizing knowledge gained from the first stream, the second stream investigates the applications of these switches in tackling difficult chemical transformations, including some which are required for sustainable energy applications. Lastly, the third stream in the program targets a bottom-up approach to designing Lewis acidic materials, utilizing self assembly to integrate Lewis acidic functionalities into porous organic networks. These novel materials will be explored as recyclable materials for important chemical transformations, ones which typically consume expensive precious metals. The proposed research program covers a breadth of chemistry topics, encompassing inorganic, organic and materials chemistry. While fundamental in nature, it targets serious deficiencies in the current state-of-the-art technology with goals of developing viable alternatives to current metal-based processes. The production of chemicals, materials and energy is an integral component of the Canadian economy. Developing new materials, chemicals and processes are of utmost importance to the development of new, high technology products and ultimately, businesses. The development of the proposed metal-free materials will impact catalytic processes used in industry, resulting in the reduction of harmful emissions and produce desirable materials without precious metals in a greener, environmentally friendly manner. Thus, positioning Canada at the forefront of the development of these disruptive technologies for a sustainable future.