Performance-Based Approach for Multihazard Resilient Design of Highway Bridges

基于性能的公路桥梁多灾害抗灾设计方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05104
• 负责人: Billah, AbuHenaMd
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: Lakehead University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=715342
• 关键词: Performance; Based; Approach; Multihazard; Resilient

Keeping bridge infrastructure in safe and operational condition is a major challenge for most countries. Recently a number of bridges have collapsed in North America and around the world, which indicates their increased risks of failure under different hazards. Over its lifetime, a bridge must withstand multiple hazards, some of which occur concurrently and have cascading effects. Extreme climate and natural hazard events are rare and occur largely unanticipated. These events not only cause economic losses by damaging infrastructure and other facilities but also adversely affect post-disaster response capability. Earthquakes in Christchurch, New Zealand, the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of 2011 in Japan, and the most recent Typhoon Jebi of 2018 in Japan caused severe losses and damage to highway bridges that shook the national economies. Currently available codes and guidelines are adequate in addressing individual issues related to resilient bridge design, but fail in addressing the complexities in a multihazard environment (mainshock-aftershock; earthquake-tsunami; earthquake-flooding), where these dependencies exist at multiple levels. In the wake of frequent extreme natural hazards around the globe, increased emphasis has been placed on identifying methods to improve infrastructure safety and performance at reasonable costs, with minimal undesirable side effects. Strong interest from the bridge owners and designers on this aspect has led to the development of the concept of “multihazard design”. Although some experimental and numerical research has been done in the field of multihazard design, it is a relatively new topic in engineering, thus providing considerable room for future research. The proposed research program is designed to develop a performance-based approach for multihazard resilient bridge systems to ensure enhanced resilience and robustness, thus minimizing the adverse social and economic impacts of multiple hazards. This research will focus on identifying synergies between hazards that make an integrated multihazard design approach possible through a structured design process. Successful completion of the proposed research will yield design guidelines for practicing design engineers in designing resilient bridges that can accommodate independent or concurrent multiple hazards. The proposed program will not only provide adequate guidelines and numerical tools for practitioners to design and analyze bridges against multiple hazards, but also develop innovative smart structural components to enhance structural safety. By adopting and integrating such innovative smart structural components with performance based design approaches, Canada's highway infrastructure resilience will be significantly improved and Canadian communities will be provided with economical, safe, and low-risk bridges when subjected to extreme natural hazards.

保持桥梁基础设施的安全和运行状态是大多数国家面临的主要挑战。最近，北美和世界各地的一些桥梁倒塌，这表明它们在不同的危险下失败的风险增加。在其使用寿命中，桥梁必须承受多种危险，其中一些同时发生并具有级联效应。极端气候和自然灾害事件很少发生，而且在很大程度上是意料之外的。这些事件不仅破坏基础设施和其他设施造成经济损失，而且对灾后应对能力产生不利影响。新西兰克赖斯特彻奇地震、2011年日本东北地震和海啸以及最近的2018年日本台风飞燕造成了严重的公路桥梁损失和破坏，动摇了国民经济。目前可用的规范和指南足以解决与弹性桥梁设计相关的个别问题，但无法解决多灾害环境（主震-余震；地震-海啸；地震-洪水）的复杂性，其中这些依赖关系存在于多个层面。随着全球极端自然灾害的频繁发生，人们越来越重视如何以合理的成本提高基础设施的安全性和性能，同时将不良副作用降到最低。桥梁业主和设计师对这方面的强烈兴趣导致了“多危害设计”概念的发展。虽然在多危害设计领域已经进行了一些实验和数值研究，但这是一个相对较新的工程课题，有很大的研究空间。拟议的研究计划旨在为多灾害弹性桥梁系统开发一种基于性能的方法，以确保增强弹性和稳健性，从而最大限度地减少多种灾害对社会和经济的不利影响。本研究将侧重于确定灾害之间的协同作用，通过结构化设计过程使综合多灾害设计方法成为可能。研究的成功完成将为实践设计工程师提供设计指南，以设计能够适应独立或并发多重危险的弹性桥梁。提出的方案不仅将为从业者提供足够的指导方针和数值工具，以设计和分析多种危险的桥梁，而且还将开发创新的智能结构部件，以提高结构安全性。通过采用这种创新的智能结构部件并将其与基于性能的设计方法相结合，加拿大公路基础设施的恢复能力将得到显著提高，加拿大社区将在遭受极端自然灾害时获得经济、安全、低风险的桥梁。