Performance-Based Approach for Multihazard Resilient Design of Highway Bridges

基于性能的公路桥梁多灾害抗灾设计方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05104
• 负责人: Billah, AbuHenaMdMuntasir
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749306
• 关键词: Performance; Based; Approach; Multihazard; Resilient

Keeping bridge infrastructure in safe and operational condition is a major challenge for most countries. Recently a number of bridges have collapsed in North America and around the world, which indicates their increased risks of failure under different hazards. Over its lifetime, a bridge must withstand multiple hazards, some of which occur concurrently and have cascading effects. Extreme climate and natural hazard events are rare and occur largely unanticipated. These events not only cause economic losses by damaging infrastructure and other facilities but also adversely affect post-disaster response capability. Earthquakes in Christchurch, New Zealand, the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of 2011 in Japan, and the most recent Typhoon Jebi of 2018 in Japan caused severe losses and damage to highway bridges that shook the national economies. Currently available codes and guidelines are adequate in addressing individual issues related to resilient bridge design, but fail in addressing the complexities in a multihazard environment (mainshock-aftershock; earthquake-tsunami; earthquake-flooding), where these dependencies exist at multiple levels. In the wake of frequent extreme natural hazards around the globe, increased emphasis has been placed on identifying methods to improve infrastructure safety and performance at reasonable costs, with minimal undesirable side effects. Strong interest from the bridge owners and designers on this aspect has led to the development of the concept of "multihazard design". Although some experimental and numerical research has been done in the field of multihazard design, it is a relatively new topic in engineering, thus providing considerable room for future research. The proposed research program is designed to develop a performance-based approach for multihazard resilient bridge systems to ensure enhanced resilience and robustness, thus minimizing the adverse social and economic impacts of multiple hazards. This research will focus on identifying synergies between hazards that make an integrated multihazard design approach possible through a structured design process. Successful completion of the proposed research will yield design guidelines for practicing design engineers in designing resilient bridges that can accommodate independent or concurrent multiple hazards. The proposed program will not only provide adequate guidelines and numerical tools for practitioners to design and analyze bridges against multiple hazards, but also develop innovative smart structural components to enhance structural safety. By adopting and integrating such innovative smart structural components with performance based design approaches, Canada's highway infrastructure resilience will be significantly improved and Canadian communities will be provided with economical, safe, and low-risk bridges when subjected to extreme natural hazards.

保持桥梁基础设施的安全和运营状况是大多数国家面临的一项重大挑战。近年来，在北美和世界各地发生了多起桥梁倒塌事故，这表明在不同的灾害下，桥梁的破坏风险增加。在其使用寿命期间，桥梁必须承受多种危险，其中一些同时发生，并产生级联效应。极端气候和自然灾害事件很少发生，而且基本上是意外发生的。这些事件不仅因破坏基础设施和其他设施而造成经济损失，而且对灾后反应能力产生不利影响。新西兰基督城的地震、2011年日本东北部地震和海啸，以及2018年日本最近的台风Jebi，都对公路桥梁造成了严重的损失和破坏，动摇了国民经济。目前可用的规范和指南足以解决与弹性桥梁设计相关的个别问题，但无法解决多灾害环境中的复杂性主震-余震;地震-海啸;地震洪水），这些依赖性存在于多个层面。随着地球仪频繁发生极端自然灾害，越来越多的重点放在确定以合理成本提高基础设施安全和性能的方法，同时尽量减少不良副作用。桥梁业主和设计师对这方面的浓厚兴趣导致了“多危险设计”概念的发展。尽管在多危险设计领域已经进行了一些实验和数值研究，但这在工程上是一个相对较新的课题，因此为未来的研究提供了相当大的空间。拟议的研究计划旨在为多灾害弹性桥梁系统开发一种基于性能的方法，以确保增强的弹性和鲁棒性，从而最大限度地减少多种灾害对社会和经济的不利影响。这项研究将侧重于识别危险之间的协同作用，使综合多危险设计方法，通过结构化的设计过程成为可能。成功完成拟议的研究将产生设计指南，实践设计工程师在设计弹性桥梁，可以容纳独立或并发的多种危险。拟议的计划不仅将为从业人员提供足够的指导方针和数值工具，以设计和分析桥梁对多种危险，而且还开发创新的智能结构部件，以提高结构安全性。通过采用这种创新的智能结构部件并将其与基于性能的设计方法相结合，加拿大的公路基础设施的弹性将得到显着提高，加拿大社区将在遭受极端自然灾害时获得经济，安全和低风险的桥梁。