Metaphorical Influences on Time Perception

隐喻对时间感知的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05358
• 负责人: LeboeMcGowan, Launa
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=715513
• 关键词: Metaphorical; Influences; Time; Perception

In this grant period, my goal is to pursue a program of study aimed at clarifying the principles that control human time perception. This goal is part of a larger, longer-term goal to illuminate the processes that underlie how people construct the various aspects of their reality by imposing structure on their apprehension of sensory inputs. My prior research provided an investigation of sources of error in the perception of the spatial location, and the duration and intensity of auditory and visual events. For example, Alards-Tomalin, Leboe-McGowan, Shaw, & Leboe-McGowan (2014) demonstrated that similarity in number magnitude, size, and colour saturation biases the perception of time, such that intervals that are flanked by markers that are similar in magnitude on these dimensions are perceived as shorter in duration than intervals that are flanked by markers that are quite different in magnitude. That is, the similarity of the interval markers influenced the perception of time, independent of the actual duration. We have interpreted these results through an application of Walsh's (2003) A Theory of Magnitude (ATOM). According to this approach, magnitude similarity distorts perceived duration because the processing of magnitude for a variety of dimensions occurs within a general-purpose magnitude processing system in the intraparietal sulcus region of the brain. However, there are some problems with this interpretation, and I have identified some of these in my previous research (Alards-Tomalin, Walker, Kravetz, & Leboe-McGowan, 2016; Alards-Tomalin, Walker, Nepon, & Leboe-McGowan, 2017). As an alternative to an ATOM approach, I propose a program of research to investigate how heuristic inferences, guided by similarity-based grouping processes, help to guide our mental construction of the passage of time. Specifically, I propose to test the contribution of such grouping processes by creating interval markers that combine different bases of similarity. These will include similarity based on physical (overlapping stimulus features) and meaning-based stimulus features (semantic relatedness), as well as stimulus-independent features generated by task demands (i.e., performing the same task in response to the same or different stimuli). Of particular theoretical relevance are dimensions of similarity that are not magnitude dependent. An ATOM approach cannot explain such influences of similarity on judgments of event duration. That approach can only explain distortions of time perception caused by perception of other magnitude dimensions, such as size and intensity. Consequently, my research aims to resolve the important theoretical question of whether irrelevant features of events bias the perception of time through an ATOM-based process of interfering magnitude dimensions or a broader influence of heuristics (i.e., simple decision rules) that we use to infer and construct the nature of our moment-to-moment experiences with the external world.

在这一资助期内，我的目标是进行一项旨在阐明控制人类时间感知的原则的研究计划。这个目标是一个更大、更长期的目标的一部分，目的是阐明人们如何通过对感官输入的理解强加结构来构建现实的各个方面。我之前的研究提供了对空间位置感知错误来源的调查，以及听觉和视觉事件的持续时间和强度。例如，Alards-Tomalin, Leboe-McGowan, Shaw, & Leboe-McGowan（2014）证明，数量大小，大小和色彩饱和度的相似性会影响时间的感知，因此，在这些维度上具有相似大小的标记的间隔被认为比在这些维度上具有完全不同大小的标记的间隔更短。也就是说，间隔标记的相似性影响了对时间的感知，而与实际持续时间无关。我们通过应用Walsh（2003）的A Theory of Magnitude （ATOM）来解释这些结果。根据这种方法，幅度相似性扭曲了感知的持续时间，因为对不同维度的幅度的处理发生在大脑顶叶内沟区域的通用幅度处理系统中。然而，这种解释存在一些问题，我在之前的研究中已经发现了其中的一些问题（Alards-Tomalin, Walker, Kravetz, & Leboe-McGowan, 2016; Alards-Tomalin, Walker, Nepon, & Leboe-McGowan, 2017）。作为ATOM方法的替代方案，我提出了一个研究计划，调查在基于相似性的分组过程的指导下，启发式推断如何帮助指导我们对时间流逝的心理构造。具体来说，我建议通过创建结合不同相似性基础的间隔标记来测试这种分组过程的贡献。这些将包括基于物理的相似性（重叠刺激特征）和基于意义的刺激特征（语义相关性），以及由任务需求产生的刺激独立特征（即，对相同或不同的刺激执行相同的任务）。具有特别理论相关性的是不依赖于大小的相似度。ATOM方法无法解释相似性对事件持续时间判断的影响。这种方法只能解释由其他量级维度（如大小和强度）的感知引起的时间感知扭曲。因此，我的研究旨在解决一个重要的理论问题，即事件的不相关特征是否会通过基于原子的干扰量级维度的过程或启发式（即简单的决策规则）的更广泛影响对时间的感知，我们使用启发式（即简单的决策规则）来推断和构建我们与外部世界的即时体验的本质。