Passive and active treatment of contaminated mine water

矿井水污染的被动和主动处理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05734
• 负责人: Neculita, Carmen
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=715773
• 关键词: Passive; active; treatment; contaminated; mine

Mining industry is essential contributor to a strong Canadian economy, but produces large volumes of waste, and uses critical resources such as water and energy. Responsible management of contaminated water is a major challenge in mining and three priorities can be identified: 1) development of sustainable treatment technologies; 2) control of the residual salinity after treatment; 3) safe handling and the recovery of potential economical elements from the sludge produced. The research proposed in this incrementally innovative 5-year program will be centered on passive and active treatment of mine effluents, with three long-term objectives: O1) Improve the performance of passive treatment for mine effluents, in cold climate and at high salinity, using on-site available materials, to reduce transportation costs and footprint impact of rehabilitation; O2) Optimize the performance and valorization of modified natural materials and industrial residues in the prevention and passive/active treatment of mine water; O3) Improve the knowledge and active treatment efficiency of REE (rare earth elements) in mine water. In passive treatment, through O1 and O2 (partially), two projects are planned: Project 1.1 [PhD1, UG1] Performance of passive treatment for saline mine effluents in cold climate; Project 1.2 [MSc1] Long-term efficiency of modified materials as amendment to control mine drainage quality. Project 1.1 will evaluate the performance of peat (raw or after physical, chemical or thermal activation) and of acid mine drainage treatment sludge in pore water polishing from filtered tailings, at low temperature. In project 1.2 the research will focus on the use of modified dolomite and wood ash as amendments to control mine drainage quality. In active treatment, through O2 (partially) and O3, two other projects are planned: Project 2.1 [PhD2, UG2] Treatment of NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen) and residual metals in pre-treated mine effluents and by-products potential valorization; Project 2.2 [MSc2] REE treatment and recovery from mine water using kaolin. Project 2.1 will focus on NH3-N and residual metals removal in mock and actual mine effluents, using natural or wood ash-based zeolites, and an N isotopic balance. Finally, the project 2.2 will focus on REE removal (commodities and contaminants) by sorption and potential recovery, in a parametric study, using kaolin, which proved efficient in preliminary testing. Therefore, the present 5-year research program will allow useful knowledge development on the use of on-site available or modified materials, on the limitation of residual salinity creation, on the potential valorization of contaminated solids generated during mine water treatment, and on the natural water quality as influenced by mine water. Given the increased development of mining in sensitive areas of northern Canada, the spin-offs from this research project will be critical in maintaining Canada as a global leader in sustainable mining development.

采矿业是加拿大强大经济的重要贡献者，但产生大量废物，并使用水和能源等关键资源。负责任地管理受污染的水是采矿业的一项重大挑战，可以确定三个优先事项：1）开发可持续的处理技术; 2）控制处理后的残余盐度; 3）安全处理和从产生的污泥中回收潜在的经济元素。在这个渐进式创新的5年计划中提出的研究将集中在矿井废水的被动和主动处理上，有三个长期目标：O 1）使用现场可用的材料，在寒冷气候和高盐度下提高矿井废水被动处理的性能，以降低运输成本和恢复的足迹影响; O2）优化改性天然材料和工业残渣在矿井水预防和被动/主动处理中的性能和价值; O3）提高对矿井水中REE（稀土元素）的认识和主动处理效率。在被动处理中，通过O 1和O2（部分），计划开展两个项目：项目1.1 [PhD 1，UG 1]寒冷气候下含盐矿井废水被动处理性能;项目1.2 [MSC 1]作为控制矿井排水质量的修正剂的改性材料的长期效率。项目1.1将评估泥炭（未经处理或经过物理、化学或热活化）和酸性矿山排水处理污泥在低温下过滤尾矿孔隙水抛光中的性能。在项目1.2中，研究将侧重于使用改性白云石和木灰作为控制矿井排水质量的改良剂。在积极处理方面，通过O2（部分）和O3，计划开展另外两个项目：项目2.1 [PhD 2，UG 2]处理预处理矿井废水和副产品中的NH3-N（氨氮）和残留金属，提高潜在价值;项目2.2 [MSc 2]利用高岭土处理和回收矿井水中的稀土元素。项目2.1将侧重于使用天然或木灰基沸石和氮同位素平衡去除模拟和实际矿井废水中的NH3-N和残留金属。最后，项目2.2将侧重于通过吸附和潜在回收去除稀土元素（商品和污染物），在参数研究中，使用高岭土，这在初步测试中证明是有效的。因此，目前的5年研究计划将允许有用的知识开发上的使用现场可用或修改的材料，对残留的盐度创建的限制，对潜在的稳定化的污染固体在矿井水处理过程中产生的，并对自然水质的矿井水的影响。鉴于加拿大北方敏感地区采矿业的发展不断增加，该研究项目的衍生产品对于维持加拿大作为可持续采矿业发展全球领导者的地位至关重要。