Design, Fabrication and Characterization of Functional Thin Film Structures

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Advanced technologies rely heavily on the engineering of materials with properties and capabilities not found in nature. Examples include thin films, nanostructured materials, and advanced composites with properties superior to those of their constituents. This revolution in materials synthesis, however, would be impossible without the availability of methods of characterization and analysis that can keep pace with the reduced tolerance for defects and the need to understand structure and composition on an atomic scale. In turn, the results of detailed materials analysis can be used to provide feedback to the fabrication and processing stage, thereby further improving materials and device properties and tailoring them for specific applications, including photonics. One of the key distinguishing features of the proposed research program is the intimate link between fabrication and characterization. The long-term objective of this program of research is to design, fabricate and comprehensively characterize complex thin film structures, including -silicon--based systems for photonics applications. The principal aim is to address, in a rigorous research approach and using state--of--the--art research infrastructure, issues with a high potential impact on the science of advanced materials and the manufacturing process. The McMaster Intense Positron Beam Facility , expected to be operational by mid--2019, will give us the capacity to depth-profile open-volume defects in thin film structures, at the level of single missing or misplaced atoms, and under dynamic conditions. It will be unique in Canada and one of only a few operating worldwide. In the next 5 years, we will pursue the following short term objectives: 1) gain a better understanding of features at the atomic level that determine the optical, electronic, and mechanical properties of silicon-based thin film structures, 2) design and optimize materials (such as SiCxNy:H), structures and devices for applications in harsh environments, 3) study in detail the plasma processes leading to desired materials properties, and 4) provide a strong and direct link between advanced materials science and industry-relevant fabrication technology. The HQP participating in the various projects will acquire hands--on experience in areas of high scientific and economic relevance. For example, silicon-based photonic elements are highly desirable components of optical communication systems, solid state lighting, and all-silicon solar cells. Thus, silicon photonics is an internationally hotly pursued field, with potentially massive economic benefits. The HQP will work in some of the best materials research facilities in Canada, in multi--user, multi--disciplinary environments. The collaborations with our international partners provide the HQP with the opportunity to work at renowned laboratories abroad, which ensures a vibrant and stimulating research environment and fosters greater global awareness.