Design and fabrication of a terahertz time domain vector network analyzer for material and device characterization

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This proposal focuses on the development and fabrication of an optoelectronic terahertz system-on-chip (TSoC) time--domain vector network analyzer (TSoC--TDVNA). The TSoC--TDVNA is a device that measures the complex scattering parameters of electronic components and materials up to 3--4 THz. The objective of the proposed research program is to expand upon our prior work and develop the TSoC--TDVNA into an enabling, innovative, and essential platform. To achieve this goal, we will begin by scaling microwave/mm--wave components into the THz range to demonstrate unique functionality. Our prior work began this process but focused on measuring the transmission magnitude (i.e., a scalar network analyzer) which provided valuable information, but the method lacked the phase information necessary to characterize important parameters such as effective permittivity and permeability. The proposed TSoC-TDVNA will inherently resolve phase information and extend the capabilities of current systems. This task faces many challenges (design, fabrication, and experimental) which require novel solutions to retain high spectral resolution and dynamic range in an ultra--wideband system. This research program will have significant impact due to the invention of a low-cost THz-bandwidth vector network analyzer, a device which currently does not exist. Another key component of this proposal is to promote multidisciplinary THz research. We will integrate microfluidic channels into TSoC--TDVNA platform to create unique avenue to foster collaboration with chemistry, biology, and medical departments. We term this device a TSoC-microfluidic test bench or TSoC-µFTB. The TSoC-µFTB will integrate and simplify complexities which are inherent to standard THz spectroscopy systems. For example, many liquids are highly absorptive at THz frequencies, thus careful control of sample interaction region (± 5 µm) is necessary to achieve optimal sensitivity - the proposed TSoC-µFTB provides a novel solution to this issue.