Electrodynamics and phenomenology of unconventional superconductors and metals

非常规超导体和金属的电动力学和现象学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04662
• 负责人: Broun, David
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=717243
• 关键词: Electrodynamics; phenomenology; unconventional; superconductors; metals

For many years society has been reaping the benefits of the revolution in semiconductor electronics that occurred after the quantum behaviour of noninteracting electrons was understood in the early 20th century. A new quantum revolution is currently underway, in which researchers are working hard to understand “quantum materials”. In these materials, a far more difficult quantum problem must be solved the behaviour of systems of strongly interacting electrons. At this stage many of the challenges are fundamental: to understand how important electronic properties emerge in systems of interacting electrons; and to harness these materials so that they can be tailored to produce desired technological properties, in a controlled way. Many of these materials display unusual forms of superconductivity, a state of matter in which all electrical resistance vanishes. Examples include the cuprate high temperature superconductors; the so-called "heavy fermion" materials, in which electrons appear to be 100 to 1000 times heavier than normal; iron-based superconductors; and organics. At present, the mechanism responsible for superconductivity is not well understood in any of these materials. In addition, their nonsuperconducting states are unusual metals that pose some of the greatest challenges to our understanding of electrons in solids. Canadian researchers have been at the forefront of the research into quantum materials for many years. This proposal strengthens that effort in several key ways: by developing new experimental techniques, tailor-made for accessing difficult-to-measure properties of quantum materials such as time-reversal symmetry breaking, and electrical properties under uniaxial strain. by applying our group's world-leading tools for studying the high frequency (microwave) properties of quantum materials, something of both fundamental and technological importance. by bringing together experimental data and realistic theoretical simulations to provide significant new insights into the underlying behaviour of electrons in quantum materials. This proposal is well suited to delivering high-value training opportunities to a diverse range of highly qualified personnel (HQP), in part because it provides a wide range to entry points into the research program (experiment design, materials measurement, data analysis, theoretical calculation), to suit incoming trainees from a diverse range of backgrounds. As well as carrying out state-of-the-art research often in collaboration with leading international researchers trainees will acquire highly useful and marketable skills, such as training in data science, that are relevant to both academic and industry careers.

多年来，社会一直受益于 20 世纪初非相互作用电子的量子行为被理解后发生的半导体电子革命。 目前，一场新的量子革命正在进行，研究人员正在努力理解“量子材料”。 在这些材料中，必须解决一个更加困难的量子问题：强相互作用电子系统的行为。 在这个阶段，许多挑战都是根本性的：了解相互作用电子系统中电子特性的重要性；并利用这些材料，以可控的方式定制它们以产生所需的技术特性。 其中许多材料表现出不寻常的超导性，这是一种所有电阻都消失的物质状态。 例子包括铜酸盐高温超导体；所谓的“重费米子”材料，其中电子似乎比正常材料重 100 至 1000 倍；铁基超导体；和有机物。 目前，这些材料的超导机制尚不清楚。 此外，它们的非超导态是不寻常的金属，对我们理解固体中的电子提出了一些最大的挑战。 加拿大研究人员多年来一直处于量子材料研究的前沿。 该提案在几个关键方面加强了这一努力： 通过开发新的实验技术，专门用于获取量子材料难以测量的特性，例如时间反转对称性破缺和单轴应变下的电特性。 通过应用我们小组世界领先的工具来研究量子材料的高频（微波）特性，这既具有基础性又具有技术重要性。 通过将实验数据和现实的理论模拟结合起来，为量子材料中电子的基本行为提供重要的新见解。 该提案非常适合为各种高素质人才（HQP）提供高价值的培训机会，部分原因是它提供了广泛的研究项目切入点（实验设计、材料测量、数据分析、理论计算），以适应来自不同背景的新学员。 除了经常与国际领先的研究人员合作进行最先进的研究外，学员还将获得非常有用且适销对路的技能，例如与学术和行业职业相关的数据科学培训。