New research directions for blockchain networks

区块链网络的新研究方向

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04752
• 负责人: Misic, Jelena
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=717341
• 关键词: New; research; directions; blockchain; networks

Blockchain technology has attracted a lot of attention for Industry and Academia in past decade since it implements distributed and replicated ledger which is immutable, decentralized, auditable and fault tolerant. After launch of Bitcoin in 2009 it has grown into network covering the whole globe with steady increase in the number of active nodes and block size. We have also witnessed huge proliferation of new crypto-currencies and new applications of blockchain technology in areas where secure transfer of digital assets and distributed storage with guaranteed data integrity is needed. However future growth of this technology is hindered by scalability and centralization problems which result in huge energy consumption and security vulnerabilities that need to be addressed. In two most popular crypto-currency networks Bitcoin and Ethereum there are powerful mining pools of nodes which prevent other nodes from getting mining fees. Some mining pools may deploy selfish mining techniques which can cause pruning of already mined blocks. These problems will be subject of first part of my research work in next five years. Deployment of blockchain technology in Internet of Things (IoT) is next step in development of IoT technology after it has successfully joined physical web through CoAP protocol family. This development brings a plenty of challenges regarding the architecture of blockchain, consensus protocols and security which need to be addressed. I plan to address these challenges in the second part of this five year research program.

在过去的十年中，区块链技术吸引了工业界和学术界的广泛关注，因为它实现了分布式和复制的账本，这种账本是不可变的，分散的，可审计的和容错的。比特币在2009年推出后，它已经发展成为覆盖整个地球仪的网络，活跃节点数量和区块大小稳步增加。我们还目睹了新的加密货币和区块链技术的新应用在需要安全转移数字资产和分布式存储并保证数据完整性的领域的巨大增长。 然而，该技术的未来增长受到可扩展性和集中化问题的阻碍，这些问题导致需要解决的巨大能源消耗和安全漏洞。在两个最流行的加密货币网络比特币和以太坊中，有强大的节点矿池，可以防止其他节点获得挖矿费用。一些矿池可能会部署自私的采矿技术，这可能会导致已经开采的区块被修剪。这些问题将是我未来五年研究工作的第一部分。 在物联网（IoT）中部署区块链技术是物联网技术发展的下一步，此前它已通过CoAP协议家族成功加入物理网络。这一发展带来了大量关于区块链架构、共识协议和安全性的挑战，需要加以解决。我计划在这个五年研究计划的第二部分解决这些挑战。