Leveraging the 2018 balsam fir dieback in the Acadian Forest to quantify forest vulnerability to increasing climate anomalies

利用 2018 年阿卡迪亚森林的香脂冷杉枯死情况来量化森林对气候异常加剧的脆弱性

• 批准号: 556150-2020
• 负责人: DOrangeville, Loïc
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=721455
• 关键词: Leveraging; 2018; balsam; fir; dieback

The Acadian forest of eastern Canada is of high ecological value and of significant economic importance to the local forestry sector. In the spring of 2018, a rare, large-scale, balsam fir dieback event occurred across the region, killing only certain individuals or small groups of trees. This dieback occurred following a combination of climatic anomalies including prior-summer drought and a winter warm spell. This mortality event provides a unique opportunity to measure the vulnerability of fir, a key Acadian species, and the associated wood supply, to future climate anomalies in this region. Here, we propose to: (1) identify the climatic anomaly responsible for the 2018 regional dieback and compare it to historical climate anomalies from previous balsam fir diebacks, and (2) collect field information across multiple sites to isolate within-stand factors that may amplify risks of mortality. We plan to build on the initial survey by New Brunswick provincial authorities by identifying climate and stand-related risk factors and thresholds to aid forestry stakeholders in eastern Canada to better model and predict future changes in balsam fir health under climate change. This will enable proactive forest management in at-risk areas to better mitigate future degradation of wood supply. Further, this project aligns strongly with the mandate of the partner organization, the Canadian Forest Service-Natural Resources Canada (CFS-NRCan), specifically with its Climate Change Adaptation program, which directly supports research addressing the adaptation of the Canadian forestry sector to climate change. Results from this project have high potential to support CFS-NRCan knowledge on the protection and competitiveness of Canada's forestry sector and applications from this research will be disseminated to all forestry stakeholders in the region.

加拿大东部的阿卡迪亚森林具有很高的生态价值，对当地林业部门具有重要的经济意义。2018年春季，该地区发生了一次罕见的大规模香料冷杉枯死事件，仅导致某些个体或小群体树木死亡。这种死亡是在一系列气候异常之后发生的，包括夏季前的干旱和冬季的温暖。这一死亡事件提供了一个独特的机会来衡量冷杉这一关键的阿卡迪亚物种以及相关的木材供应对该地区未来气候异常的脆弱性。在这里，我们建议：(1)确定导致2018年区域枯萎病的气候异常，并将其与以往香脂冷杉枯萎病的历史气候异常进行比较；(2)收集多个地点的现场信息，以隔离可能放大死亡风险的林内因素。我们计划在新不伦瑞克省当局初步调查的基础上，确定与气候和林分相关的风险因素和阈值，以帮助加拿大东部的林业利益相关者更好地模拟和预测气候变化下香脂冷杉健康的未来变化。这将使高风险地区的积极森林管理能够更好地减缓未来木材供应的退化。此外，该项目与伙伴组织加拿大林业局-加拿大自然资源局(CFS-NRCan)的任务非常一致，特别是与其气候变化适应计划保持一致，该计划直接支持加拿大林业部门适应气候变化的研究。该项目的成果有很大潜力支持CFS-NRCan关于加拿大林业部门保护和竞争力的知识，这项研究的应用将传播给该区域的所有林业利益攸关方。