Scalable energy management and power supply solutions for next generation 5G ICT systems

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The ever-increasing demand for more data, fueled by many online services, internet of Things (IoT), autonomous cars and virtual reality, has forced the telecommunication industry to rapidly move towards 5G technology. The range of 5G waves is around 100m as opposed to that of 4G-LTE around 30 miles requiring many more cells to form 5G network. Moreover, cells and data centers power supplies size and heat management will also become critical due to small footprint of these sites, especially in urban settings and the harsh outdoor conditions. Given the fact that 5 kWh is currently needed to support the utilization of every GB of internet data, it's clear that 5G power consumption will need to significantly decrease and that 5G network will require significant retrofitting of existing infrastructures to provide the required power consumption. It is estimated that a typical base station radio power requirement will increase from 300 W to 1500W, whereas this can go up to 20kW for multiple frequencies. Same trend is estimated for 5G distributed and centralized data centers so that they will use 13% of the worlds power consumption. To address these challenges, this proposal will focus on the development of the next generation 5G power supply infrastructure, while addressing challenges such as efficiency, size, weight, power consumption and energy management. A combination of cloud infrastructure and intelligent integrated energy management system (i2EMS) will be developed to co-ordinate base stations, power supplies, and other equipment across multiple layers and domains to boost efficiencies throughout the network. The power supply needs a special high step-down topology and very challenging ultra fast transient response to support i2EMS commands, as the bandwidth of the power supplies is limited to the switching frequency that is normally in the range of <1Mhz. These challenges will be addressed using novel scalable and efficient integrated high switching freq (>10Mhz) dc-dc power supply on a chip with significantly reduced heat profiles.