Examining mechanistic pathways driving the adaptive capacity of Arctic birds to respond to environmental change

检查驱动北极鸟类应对环境变化的适应能力的机制途径

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05507
• 负责人: Love, Oliver
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=739831
• 关键词: Examining; mechanistic; pathways; driving; adaptive

It is largely unclear whether organisms possess the adaptive capacity to respond to current rates of rapid environmental change (REC). My lab studies the adaptive capacity of underlying state-mediated mechanisms to enable organisms to respond to rapid environmental change (REC). We focus on three progressively integrated questions to test this paradigm in a diversity of systems facing REC (i.e., Arctic): i) how does environmental variation shape transcriptional, physiological and behavioural flexibility to maintain individual state?; ii) how do these flexible responses translate into optimal breeding decisions that maximize fitness?; and iii) how does the degree of intra and inter-individual level flexibility influence population resiliency in a changing world? More specifically, we field-test the global hypothesis that flexibility in a state-based regulatory mechanism - baseline corticosterone - bCORT - plays a key adaptive role in mediating how environmental variation influences individual state to optimize breeding decisions and maximize fitness. Relying on a highly integrative framework, we combine physiology, behaviour and transcriptomics to assess how flexibility in bCORT generates individual- and species-specific adaptive responses. Working in the Canadian Arctic is highly strategic given our framework since this ecosystem is changing faster than any on earth. Working with three avian models that span the pace-of-life continuum, we couple long-term, multi-year datasets with sophisticated and highly integrative experimental approaches to empirically field-test predictions of individually-based, state-dependent models. As such, our research pushes the forefront of science with a complex Individual x Environment x Life History (I x E x LH) framework to test adaptive responses to REC. Collectively, we are challenging integrative ecologists to increase the mechanistic complexity of how we all field-test the basis for variation in investment and fitness in free-living species. From an evolutionary perspective, we use this approach to uncover the mechanistic underpinnings of life-history variation that have largely eluded evolutionary ecologists for decades. From an applied perspective, we increasingly rely on these quantified linkages to predict when and how environmental change will shift individuals into maladaptive scenarios that negatively impact population growth. Overall, appreciating mechanistic complexity has numerous tangible advantages for furthering the theory that enables us to interpret how change impacts fitness. With the rapid increase in the multiple environmental stressors facing Arctic wildlife, this predictive yet flexible approach is more vital than ever for assessing whether organisms within rapidly changing Arctic ecosystems have the adaptive capacity to persist.

生物体是否具有适应当前快速环境变化（REC）的能力，这在很大程度上还不清楚。我的实验室研究潜在状态介导机制的适应能力，使生物体能够对快速环境变化（REC）做出反应。我们专注于三个逐步整合的问题，以测试这种范式在面对REC的系统的多样性（即，北极）：i）环境变化如何塑造转录、生理和行为灵活性以维持个体状态？; ii）这些灵活的反应如何转化为最佳的育种决策，最大限度地提高健身？以及iii）在一个不断变化的世界中，个体内部和个体之间的灵活性程度如何影响人口弹性？更具体地说，我们现场测试的全球假设，灵活性在一个国家为基础的监管机制-基线皮质酮- bCORT -起着关键的适应性作用，在调解环境变化如何影响个人状态，以优化育种决策和最大限度地提高健身。依靠高度整合的框架，我们结合联合收割机生理学，行为学和转录组学来评估bCORT的灵活性如何产生个体和物种特异性的适应性反应。鉴于我们的框架，在加拿大北极地区开展工作具有高度战略意义，因为这个生态系统的变化速度比地球上任何一个生态系统都要快。使用三种跨越生命连续体的鸟类模型，我们将长期，多年的数据集与复杂和高度集成的实验方法结合起来，以经验为基础，对基于状态的模型进行现场测试预测。因此，我们的研究推动了科学的前沿与复杂的个人x环境x生活史（I x E x LH）的框架来测试自适应反应REC.集体，我们正在挑战综合生态学家，以增加我们如何现场测试的基础上投资和健身自由生活的物种的变化的机械复杂性。从进化的角度来看，我们使用这种方法来揭示几十年来在很大程度上逃避进化生态学家的生活史变化的机械基础。从应用的角度来看，我们越来越依赖于这些量化的联系来预测环境变化何时以及如何将个人转变为对人口增长产生负面影响的适应不良情景。总的来说，理解机械复杂性有许多切实的好处，可以进一步推动理论，使我们能够解释变化如何影响健身。随着北极野生动物面临的多种环境压力的迅速增加，这种预测性而灵活的方法对于评估快速变化的北极生态系统中的生物是否具有持续生存的适应能力比以往任何时候都更加重要。