Structural Assessment and Repair of Superelastic-Shape-Memory-Alloy Reinforced-Concrete Framed Structures Following Exposure to Seismic and/or Fire Events

暴露于地震和/或火灾事件后超弹性形状记忆合金钢筋混凝土框架结构的结构评估和修复

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04792
• 负责人: Youssef, Maged
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=740220
• 关键词: Structural; Assessment; Repair; Superelastic; Shape

The demand to build resilient structures that can be easily retrofitted after experiencing natural and/or man-made disasters is increasing. Recent disasters have shown that significant structural damage and severe economic losses can be experienced in developed countries, where state-of-the-art codes and standards are being enforced. Given that Canada's climate is changing, which is expected to increase the frequency and magnitude of natural disasters, research addressing disaster-resilient structures is highly needed. Our structures need to be designed to expect the unexpected while suffering minimum amount of repairable damage. This proposal provides the means to achieve this goal considering two potential disasters: earthquake and fire events. Dr. Youssef's unique expertise in structural fire engineering, earthquake engineering, and applications of superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) bars will be utilized to conduct an original research program, which leads to structures resilient to fire and seismic events. Utilization of SMA bars to minimize seismic damage in civil structures has been proposed by Dr. Youssef and other researchers. However, the performance of such structures during fire events was not investigated, which is a critical safety issue. The short-term research will focus on SMA Reinforced Concrete (RC) framed structures and address two potential scenarios: (1) the SMA RC structure has been damaged by a fire event, which requires engineers to assess its safety, make the critical decision about the need for evacuation, and design a suitable retrofitting system that can withstand future loads including seismic activities, (2) the SMA RC structure has been damaged by an earthquake, and, then exposed to the commonly erupting fires, which follow and known to impose high risk to occupants and emergency personnel. The proposed research will provide researchers and engineers with a complete set of experimental data that cover material properties, structural performance of fire-damaged SMA RC elements before and after retrofitting, and fire resiliency of seismically-damaged SMA RC joints. The developed numerical tools will bridge the gap between the traditional prescriptive design and the recently adopted objective-based design in Canada and performance-based design in USA while ensuring public safety. Engineers will be able to design retrofit systems for fire-damaged SMA RC structures that ascertain future resiliency, and to consider fire resiliency while conducting seismic design. The proposed research will provide a unique opportunity for 3 PhD candidates, 2 MESc candidates, 5 undergraduate-research students, and 12 undergraduate-work-study students to be the engineers of the future. They will be equipped with unique abilities allowing them to deal with multi-hazards through experimental and/or numerical investigations. Their knowledge, abilities, and skills will allow them to shine in academia and/or consulting activities.

在自然和/或人为灾难的经历增加后，建立弹性结构的需求正在增加。最近的灾难表明，发达国家可能会造成重大的结构性破坏和严重的经济损失，在那里正在实施最先进的法规和标准。鉴于加拿大的气候正在发生变化，预计这会增加自然灾害的频率和幅度，因此急需解决灾难性结构的研究。我们的结构需要设计为期望出乎意料的，同时遭受最小可修复的损害。该提议为实现这一目标提供了考虑两种潜在灾难的手段：地震和火灾事件。 Youssef博士在结构消防工程，地震工程以及超弹性形状内存合金（SMA）棒的应用方面的独特专业知识将用于执行原始研究计划，从而导致结构有弹性的火灾和地震事件。 Youssef博士和其他研究人员提出了利用SMA条以最大程度地减少民用结构中的地震损害。但是，没有研究在火灾事件中此类结构的性能，这是一个关键的安全问题。 The short-term research will focus on SMA Reinforced Concrete (RC) framed structures and address two Potential scenarios: (1) the SMA RC structure has been damaged by a fire event, which requires engineers to assess its safety, make the critical decision about the need for evacuation, and design a suitable retrofitting system that can withstand future loads including seismic activities, (2) the SMA RC structure has been damaged by an earthquake, and, then exposed to通常爆发的火灾，随之而来的并已知会对居住者和紧急人物施加高风险。拟议的研究将为研究人员和工程师提供一套完整的实验数据，这些数据涵盖了材料特性，改造前后火灾损害的SMA RC元素的结构性能以及对地震损坏的SMA RC关节的火灾弹性。开发的数值工具将弥合传统的规范设计与最近在加拿大采用的基于目标的设计与美国基于绩效的设计之间的差距，同时确保公共安全。工程师将能够设计用于确定未来弹性的火灾损坏的SMA RC结构的改造系统，并在进行地震设计时考虑火灾弹性。拟议的研究将为3位候选人，2名MESC候选人，5名本科研究生和12名本科生学生成为未来的工程师提供独特的机会。他们将配备独特的能力，使他们能够通过实验和/或数值投资来处理多危险。他们的知识，能力和技能将使他们能够在学术界和/或咨询活动中大放异彩。