Structural Assessment and Repair of Superelastic-Shape-Memory-Alloy Reinforced-Concrete Framed Structures Following Exposure to Seismic and/or Fire Events

暴露于地震和/或火灾事件后超弹性形状记忆合金钢筋混凝土框架结构的结构评估和修复

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04792
• 负责人: Youssef, Maged
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749123
• 关键词: Structural; Assessment; Repair; Superelastic; Shape

The demand to build resilient structures that can be easily retrofitted after experiencing natural and/or man-made disasters is increasing. Recent disasters have shown that significant structural damage and severe economic losses can be experienced in developed countries, where state-of-the-art codes and standards are being enforced. Given that Canada's climate is changing, which is expected to increase the frequency and magnitude of natural disasters, research addressing disaster-resilient structures is highly needed. Our structures need to be designed to expect the unexpected while suffering minimum amount of repairable damage. This proposal provides the means to achieve this goal considering two potential disasters: earthquake and fire events. Dr. Youssef's unique expertise in structural fire engineering, earthquake engineering, and applications of superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) bars will be utilized to conduct an original research program, which leads to structures resilient to fire and seismic events. Utilization of SMA bars to minimize seismic damage in civil structures has been proposed by Dr. Youssef and other researchers. However, the performance of such structures during fire events was not investigated, which is a critical safety issue. The short-term research will focus on SMA Reinforced Concrete (RC) framed structures and address two potential scenarios: (1) the SMA RC structure has been damaged by a fire event, which requires engineers to assess its safety, make the critical decision about the need for evacuation, and design a suitable retrofitting system that can withstand future loads including seismic activities, (2) the SMA RC structure has been damaged by an earthquake, and, then exposed to the commonly erupting fires, which follow and known to impose high risk to occupants and emergency personnel. The proposed research will provide researchers and engineers with a complete set of experimental data that cover material properties, structural performance of fire-damaged SMA RC elements before and after retrofitting, and fire resiliency of seismically-damaged SMA RC joints. The developed numerical tools will bridge the gap between the traditional prescriptive design and the recently adopted objective-based design in Canada and performance-based design in USA while ensuring public safety. Engineers will be able to design retrofit systems for fire-damaged SMA RC structures that ascertain future resiliency, and to consider fire resiliency while conducting seismic design. The proposed research will provide a unique opportunity for 3 PhD candidates, 2 MESc candidates, 5 undergraduate-research students, and 12 undergraduate-work-study students to be the engineers of the future. They will be equipped with unique abilities allowing them to deal with multi-hazards through experimental and/or numerical investigations. Their knowledge, abilities, and skills will allow them to shine in academia and/or consulting activities.

对建造在经历自然和/或人为灾害后可以轻松改造的弹性结构的需求正在不断增加。最近的灾难表明，在执行最先进规范和标准的发达国家，可能会遭受严重的结构性破坏和严重的经济损失。鉴于加拿大的气候正在发生变化，预计将增加自然灾害的频率和严重程度，因此非常需要针对抗灾结构进行研究。我们的结构设计需要能够应对意外情况，同时将可修复的损坏降至最低。该提案提供了实现这一目标的方法，考虑到两种潜在的灾难：地震和火灾事件。 Youssef 博士在结构消防工程、地震工程和超弹性形状记忆合金 (SMA) 棒应用方面的独特专业知识将被用于开展一项原创研究计划，从而开发出能够抵御火灾和地震事件的结构。 Youssef 博士和其他研究人员提议利用 SMA 杆来最大程度地减少土木结构的地震损坏。然而，此类结构在火灾期间的性能并未得到调查，这是一个关键的安全问题。短期研究将重点关注 SMA 钢筋混凝土 (RC) 框架结构，并解决两种可能的情况：(1) SMA RC 结构因火灾而损坏，这需要工程师评估其安全性，就是否需要疏散做出关键决定，并设计一个合适的改造系统，以承受包括地震活动在内的未来荷载；(2) SMA RC 结构因地震而损坏，然后暴露于 随之而来的经常爆发的火灾会给居住者和应急人员带来高风险。拟议的研究将为研究人员和工程师提供一套完整的实验数据，涵盖材料特性、火灾损坏的 SMA RC 构件改造前后的结构性能以及地震损坏的 SMA RC 接头的耐火能力。开发的数值工具将弥合传统的规范性设计与加拿大最近采用的基于目标的设计和美国基于性能的设计之间的差距，同时确保公共安全。工程师将能够为遭受火灾损坏的 SMA RC 结构设计改造系统，以确定未来的抗灾能力，并在进行抗震设计时考虑抗火能力。拟议的研究将为 3 名博士生、2 名硕士生、5 名本科生和 12 名本科生勤工助学提供成为未来工程师的独特机会。他们将配备独特的能力，使他们能够通过实验和/或数值研究来应对多种危害。他们的知识、能力和技能将使他们在学术界和/或咨询活动中大放异彩。