Advanced Manufacturing of Intelligent Structures

智能结构先进制造

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-03792
• 负责人: Bodkhe, Sampada
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=741799
• 关键词: Advanced; Manufacturing; Intelligent; Structures

We had always imagined 2020 to be a perfect world where all complex engineering structures like planes, wind turbine blades, bridges, cars would detect and autonomously counteract external loads (weight, torque, winds) as well as internal anomalies (defects, failures) to ensure safety and economy during their entire service-life. What is it that prohibits the engineering structures of today from being intelligent - i.e. to sense and process a change in their surroundings and adapt themselves in accordance to this change? The answer is that today's structures are either: strong, adaptable, or lightweight. Reconfigurable aircraft structures require achieving all the three characteristics in a single material, which is the challenge we design engineers are facing for decades. Intelligent structures possessing the above characteristics mandate smart materials - materials whose physical properties can be altered by external stimuli like stress, moisture, electric and magnetic fields, light, temperature, and chemical substances - and a control system with an inbuilt feedback loop for autonomy. This research program proposes to resolve this conflict by merging advanced manufacturing of high-strength composites with additive manufacturing (AM) of smart materials to create control surfaces for reconfigurable aircraft. Inspired from the nature's growth and development, AM serves as the most pertinent fabrication tool for intelligent structures delivering organic and efficient complex geometries, which are a characteristic of an efficient bird flight, our inspiration from nature. As the airplanes, cars, wind turbine blades today are being manufactured from fiber reinforced polymer (FRP), integrating smart materials, for shape adaptation, during automated fiber placement of FRP would result in considerable weight and space savings. Structural health monitoring with embedded sensors during the production and service of the composite structures will help in efficient and timely repair and thus, enhanced product life cycle. Additionally, three-dimensionally (3D) printed electrical connections, would decrease the wire clutter. Control systems with closed feedback loop are essential to program the reconfiguration into the structures. But, the smart materials of today are inefficient and unreliable compared to their conventional mechanical rigid body alternatives and hence, do not satisfy the aircraft accreditation requirements for safety. My research program aims at developing these smart materials and improving their compatibility with the high strength materials for the design, optimization, and fabrication of intelligent structures. The know-how gained in this project can be directly applied to build intelligent structures for transportation, energy generation, and space; and other structural and functional composite components, especially in personalized equipment like prosthesis, rehabilitation-aid, exoskeletons, and sports equipment towards individuals.

我们一直想象2020年是一个完美的世界，所有复杂的工程结构，如飞机，风力涡轮机叶片，桥梁，汽车将检测和自主抵消外部负载（重量，扭矩，风）以及内部异常（缺陷，故障），以确保在整个使用寿命期间的安全性和经济性。是什么阻止了今天的工程结构成为智能的--即感知和处理周围环境的变化，并根据这种变化进行自我调整？答案是，今天的结构要么是：坚固，适应性强，要么是重量轻。可重构飞机结构需要在单一材料中实现所有三个特性，这是我们设计工程师几十年来面临的挑战。具有上述特征的智能结构要求使用智能材料--其物理特性可以通过应力、水分、电场和磁场、光、温度和化学物质等外部刺激而改变的材料--以及具有内置自主反馈回路的控制系统。该研究计划提出通过将高强度复合材料的先进制造与智能材料的增材制造（AM）相结合来解决这一冲突，以创建可重构飞机的控制表面。从自然的生长和发展的启发，AM作为最相关的智能结构制造工具，提供有机和高效的复杂几何形状，这是一个高效的鸟类飞行的特点，我们的灵感来自大自然。由于今天的飞机、汽车、风力涡轮机叶片都是由纤维增强聚合物（FRP）制造的，因此在FRP的自动纤维铺放期间集成智能材料以用于形状适应将导致相当大的重量和空间节省。在复合材料结构的生产和服务过程中，使用嵌入式传感器进行结构健康监测将有助于有效和及时的修复，从而提高产品的生命周期。此外，三维（3D）打印的电气连接将减少电线杂乱。具有闭环反馈回路的控制系统对于将重构编程到结构中是必不可少的。但是，与传统的机械刚性体替代品相比，当今的智能材料效率低且不可靠，因此不能满足飞机的安全认证要求。我的研究项目旨在开发这些智能材料，并提高其与高强度材料的兼容性，以用于智能结构的设计，优化和制造。 在该项目中获得的专业知识可以直接应用于建造用于运输，能源生产和空间的智能结构;以及其他结构和功能复合材料组件，特别是个性化设备，如假肢，康复辅助，外骨骼和个人运动设备。