The puzzle of being social in space

太空社交之谜

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04071
• 负责人: VanderWal, Eric
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=745922
• 关键词: puzzle; being; social; space

Social behaviors almost invariably require sharing space. To sociobiologists space confounds and to spatial ecologists social aggregations falsely repeat data. However, sociality and space use are inseparable. Thus, occupying space relates at accessing quality resources while balancing competition for those resources and using the animal aggregations to decrease predation risk. Integrating existing theoretical frameworks that are explicitly spatial, but implicitly social - or the inverse - will permit us access to novel inferences. Our proposed research program has three actions. In the first, we propose to test whether individual animals exhibit flexibility in precise social and spatial behaviors that appear to conflict with one another's benefits and vary by season. We test for flexibility using long-term telemetry data on replicated populations. Second, we pivot to finer-scale inferences by combining ethology and biologging. With these methods, we empirically test the competing roles of spatial variation in resource quality and fine-scale socially-mediated habitat selection. We will use nutritionally relevant distribution models of elemental ratios, e.g., carbon:nitrogen, to capture resource quality. Third, using global data and an experimental movement ecology mesocosm, we propose and test the productivity-sociality gradient hypothesis. The hypothesis predicts spatial and temporal variation in net primary productivity is a mechanism that promotes individuals, populations, and species' variability in social network-derived behaviors. The proposal aims to demonstrate that I have designed the Wildlife Evolutionary Ecology Lab as an inclusive, safe, and welcoming environment whose positive actions in support of equity, diversity, and inclusivity continue to help people overcome institutional and disciplinary barriers and result in elevating equity-seeking individuals to impactful positions within our discipline. The proposal will train at least 10 more HQP, with continued focus on developing excellence in research and service, and helping people achieve their science and science-adjacent, advocacy goals. Diverse approaches: To ensure robust inferences we will use multiple ways of knowing from experimental manipulations to global data syntheses. IMPACT for Application: The proposed work predominantly focusses on social species of conservation and cultural concern, particularly to our Indigenous and agency partners (caribou). Well-grounded in theory, our work endeavors to link behaviors with metrics valuable to managers and conservationists, such as population vital rates. IMPACT for Theory: Our proposal will provide insights into the puzzle of being social in space across levels of biological organization: individuals, groups, populations, and species. Interrogating the social-spatial interface will provide precision about the causes and consequences of covariance between social and spatial phenotypes in a changing world.

社交行为几乎总是需要共享空间。对于社会生物学家来说，空间是令人困惑的，对于空间生态学家来说，社会聚合错误地重复了数据。然而，社交性和空间利用是密不可分的。因此，占据空间涉及获取优质资源，同时平衡对这些资源的竞争，并利用动物聚集来降低捕食风险。整合现有的明确的空间理论框架，但隐含的社会理论框架（或相反的理论框架）将使我们能够获得新颖的推论。我们提出的研究计划有三项行动。首先，我们建议测试个体动物是否在精确的社会和空间行为中表现出灵活性，这些行为似乎与彼此的利益相冲突并且随季节而变化。我们使用复制群体的长期遥测数据来测试灵活性。其次，我们通过结合行为学和生物学记录来进行更精细的推论。通过这些方法，我们凭经验测试了空间变化在资源质量和精细尺度的社会介导的栖息地选择中的竞争作用。我们将使用与营养相关的元素比例分配模型（例如碳：氮）来捕获资源质量。第三，利用全球数据和实验运动生态学中观，我们提出并检验了生产力-社会性梯度假设。该假说预测净初级生产力的时空变化是一种促进个体、群体和物种在社交网络衍生行为中的变异性的机制。该提案旨在证明我将野生动物进化生态实验室设计为一个包容、安全和热情的环境，其支持公平、多样性和包容性的积极行动继续帮助人们克服制度和学科障碍，并将寻求公平的个人提升到我们学科内有影响力的职位。该提案将再培训至少 10 名 HQP，继续专注于发展卓越的研究和服务，并帮助人们实现他们的科学和与科学相关的宣传目标。多样化的方法：为了确保可靠的推论，我们将使用从实验操作到全局数据合成的多种认知方式。对应用的影响：拟议的工作主要关注保护和文化关注的社会物种，特别是我们的土著和机构合作伙伴（驯鹿）。我们的工作以理论为基础，致力于将行为与对管理者和自然资源保护主义者有价值的指标（例如人口活力率）联系起来。理论影响：我们的提案将为跨生物组织层面（个人、群体、种群和物种）的太空社交难题提供见解。探究社会空间界面将提供关于不断变化的世界中社会和空间表型之间协方差的原因和后果的精确性。