Biomass pelletization and logistics

生物质颗粒化和物流

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04882
• 负责人: Sokhansanj, Shahab
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746781
• 关键词: Biomass; pelletization; logistics

LITERATURE A pelletized biomass flows like a grain, and as such biomass can benefit from an already well-developed grain handling technologies. However, biomass pellets are more prone to damage than grains. Biomass pellets tend to disintegrate when accidentally get wet with liquid water or expose to humid air. Moisture sorption and auto oxidation are two processes responsible for self-heating of pellets. The available literature does not address adequately the process of heat accumulation in bulk pellets. PROGRESS My discovery research to date has led to the application of thermal pre-treatment to lessen the variability in biomass as a feedstock. A lower variability in biomass properties leads to an increased feedstock sources available to the industry. My logistics modeling approach has shown the logistical advantages of pellets over other forms of solid biomass like wood chips. I have also quantified the critical concentration of toxic gasses with respect to toxicity to human. The pellet industry has developed best practices to minimize potential harm to people working around stores. OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY This research is a continuation of my long-term goal in developing optimal designs for converting raw biomass to usable feedstock. The scope of operations include size reduction, drying, and feedstock densification. The present research investigates the conditions that initiate self-heating and the ensuing factors that propagate heat within a pile of pellets. The proposed approach uses experimental data (gas concentration, temperature, vapor pressure, pellet swelling) to develop mathematical models. The models will be used for design and management of stored pellets. This research will create new and relevant knowledge for the bioenergy community and will serve to encourage further scholarly inquiries among current and future students and researchers. HQP This research engages one Ph.D. plus two M.Sc. students, and five undergraduate students, one per year. I am committed to hiring and training a diverse qualified HQP's. The Ph.D. will develop the heat/gas/vapor flow models. M.Sc.1 develops kinetics of heat of sorption for pellets. M.Sc. 2 develops kinetics of swelling and the resulting internal pressures. The undergraduates plan instrumentation, collect and analyze data on pellets produced on the new CFI funded laboratory pellet mill. IMPACT Self-heating and off-gassing are the two major causes of fires in confined spaces. The Canadian wood industry has experienced a number of fires, a few with fatalities. Unlike for grain stores, ventilation of stored pellets with air is not a safe practice for biomass pellets. The oxygen and water vapor in the ventilating air promote self-heating. To date, the complex processes involved in self heat have not been demonstrated clearly to the industry. My proposed research plans to do that. The wood- and in future the ag-pellet industry would contribute significantly to the Canada's rural economy.

文献A颗粒生物质像谷物一样流动，因此，生物质可以从已经发展良好的谷物处理技术中受益。然而，生物质颗粒比谷物更容易损坏。当生物质颗粒意外被液态水弄湿或暴露在潮湿的空气中时，生物质颗粒往往会解体。吸湿和自动氧化是球团自热的两个过程。现有的文献没有充分讨论散装颗粒中的热积累过程。到目前为止，我的发现研究取得了进展，导致了热预处理的应用，以减少作为原料的生物质的可变性。生物质性质的较低可变性导致该行业可获得的原料来源增加。我的物流建模方法已经显示了颗粒物质相对于其他形式的固体生物质(如木屑)的物流优势。我还量化了有毒气体对人体毒性的临界浓度。颗粒行业已经开发出最佳实践，以最大限度地减少对商店周围工作人员的潜在伤害。目标和方法这项研究是我开发将生物质原料转化为可用原料的最佳设计的长期目标的延续。操作范围包括粒度减小、干燥和原料致密化。本研究调查了引发自热的条件以及随后在一堆球团内传播热量的因素。该方法使用实验数据(气体浓度、温度、蒸汽压、颗粒膨胀)来建立数学模型。这些模型将用于设计和管理储存的球团矿。这项研究将为生物能源界创造新的和相关的知识，并将鼓励当前和未来的学生和研究人员进行进一步的学术研究。这项研究由一个博士加两个理学硕士组成。学生和五名本科生，每年一次。我致力于招聘和培训各种合格的HQP。博士将开发热/气体/蒸汽流动模型。M.Sc.1建立了颗粒的吸附热动力学。理工科硕士2发展了膨胀和由此产生的内部压力的动力学。本科生计划仪器仪表，收集和分析在CFI资助的新实验室球团磨机上生产的球团数据。碰撞自热和放气是密闭空间火灾的两个主要原因。加拿大木材行业经历了多起火灾，其中几起火灾造成人员死亡。与储粮不同，用空气通风储存的颗粒对生物质颗粒来说并不是安全的做法。通风空气中的氧气和水蒸气促进了自热。到目前为止，涉及自热的复杂过程还没有向业界清楚地展示出来。我提出的研究计划就是这样做的。木材--以及未来的农业颗粒工业--将对加拿大的农村经济做出重大贡献。