Conversion of Waste to Catalysts and other Value-added Products

将废物转化为催化剂和其他增值产品

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-03882
• 负责人: Hill, Josephine
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746946
• 关键词: Conversion; Waste; Catalysts; other; Value

"What if waste wasn't?" is a slogan used by several companies to challenge our view of the byproducts from different processes. Even if a process was 100% efficient, all products deteriorate over time and so waste would still be generated. Ideally the byproducts and spent products could be reused in the same or a different process (the so called "circular economy"). Waste materials represent tremendous resources that are inexpensive, accessible, and abundant. Because waste contains many different components, however, the materials generally cannot directly replace pure feedstocks in existing processes. The process and the waste material must be carefully matched to consider the compositions, reactions, and possible interactions throughout the entire system. Even after careful matching, the waste materials may require some processing before being reused. In my research group, we have developed new methods to prepare catalysts from waste materials. Catalysts are substances that increase reaction rates and selectively produce desired products. Used in 90% of all industrial processes, catalysts cannot only be prepared from the millions of tonnes of waste that are available but also convert this waste to value-added products. This proposal describes my plans to reuse two waste products that are primarily made of carbon - petroleum coke produced from heavy oil and bitumen processing, and carbon black from recycled tires. The petroleum coke will be converted to i. solid acid catalysts for the conversion of waste plastics to carbon fibres and nanotubes, and ii. sulfide catalysts that can be used to partially upgrade bitumen to increase its value and make it more easily transportable. The carbon black will be added to cement to catalyze the hydration reactions and ultimately improve the qualities of the concrete. The latter application is a natural extension of our work with carbon. We will continue to explore applications for which carbon-based waste materials are suitable. Through this work, post-doctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduate students will be trained to conduct thorough, impactful research by preparing, characterizing, and testing different catalysts. Teamwork and collaboration will promote communication and facilitate diverse ways of approaching different problems. These are all skills that are required by industry to maintain a strong and innovative workforce and stimulate the Canadian economy.

“如果浪费不是呢？”是几家公司用来挑战我们对不同工艺副产品的看法的口号。即使一个过程是100%有效的，所有产品都会随着时间的推移而变质，因此仍然会产生废物。理想情况下，副产品和废旧产品可以在相同或不同的过程中重复使用(所谓的“循环经济”)。废物代表着廉价、可获得和丰富的巨大资源。然而，由于废物含有许多不同的成分，这些材料通常不能直接取代现有工艺中的纯原料。工艺和废料必须仔细匹配，以考虑整个系统的组成、反应和可能的相互作用。即使经过仔细的匹配，废物在重新利用之前也可能需要进行一些处理。在我的研究小组中，我们开发了从废物中制备催化剂的新方法。催化剂是一种可以加快反应速度并选择性地产生所需产品的物质。在90%的工业过程中，催化剂不仅可以从数百万吨可用废物中制备出来，而且还可以将这些废物转化为附加值产品。这份提案描述了我计划重复使用两种主要由碳制成的废品--从重油和沥青加工中生产的石油焦，以及回收轮胎的碳黑。石油焦将转化为I.将废塑料转化为碳纤维和纳米管的固体酸催化剂，以及ii.硫化物催化剂可用于部分升级沥青，以增加其价值并使其更易于运输。将炭黑添加到水泥中，催化水化反应，最终提高混凝土的质量。后一种应用是我们关于碳的工作的自然延伸。我们将继续探索适合碳基废物材料的应用。通过这项工作，博士后研究员、研究生和本科生将接受培训，通过准备、表征和测试不同的催化剂来进行深入、有效的研究。团队合作和协作将促进沟通，促进以不同方式处理不同问题。这些都是工业保持强大和创新的劳动力并刺激加拿大经济所需的技能。