High temperature aqueous chemistry for sustainable nuclear power generation

用于可持续核能发电的高温水化学

• 批准号: 561333-2020
• 负责人: Tremaine, PeterPR
• 金额: $ 31.88万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747702
• 关键词: temperature; aqueous; chemistry; sustainable; nuclear

Through the NSERC Industrial Research Chair program, the University of Guelph has developed a world-class laboratory for high-temperature aqueous chemistry, equipped with custom-made, state-of-the-art, high-precision spectroscopic and thermochemical instruments to study the properties of aqueous solutions at the extreme conditions used in Canada's nuclear industry. The proposed research seeks to use this expertise to identify key chemical reactions and measure the thermochemical parameters needed for the development of internationally accepted databases for modelling and chemistry-control of new or refurbished CANDU Pressurized Heavy Water nuclear reactors and proposed Small Modular Reactors (SMRs); and for evaluating/licencing sites for the geological storage of nuclear spent fuel. The program consists of five projects. (i) A definitive laboratory study to provide quantitative data and predictive tools to model the deuterium isotope effects on metal oxide solubilities under CANDU D2O primary coolant conditions will be completed. (ii) Calorimetric and spectroscopic studies will determine the properties of newly proposed organic additives for redox and pH control in steam generator circuits up to 325 C. (iii) Pressure vessel and Raman spectroscopic studies will measure thermodynamic properties needed to predict the onset of corrosive transition metal "hideout" reactions in secondary coolant circuits (250 - 325 C), at concentrations up to their solubility limits. (iv) "Hideout" reactions and critical locus effects in primary and secondary coolant circuits of water-based SMR reactors, including supercritical steam generators (> 373 C) will be examined. (v) Experiments to measure formation constants for the aqueous UO2(2+) and lanthanide Ln(3+) complexes will be completed and, in Year 3, experiments will begin on Th(4+) systems. These are surrogates for NpO2(2+), Cm(3+) and U(4+), which are difficult to study because of high radioactivity or extremely low solubilities. Our partners are the University Network of Excellence in Nuclear Engineering, CANDU Owners Group, the Nuclear Waste Management Organization and the Electric Power Research Institute.

通过NSERC工业研究教席计划，圭尔夫大学开发了一个世界级的高温水化学实验室，配备了定制的、最先进的、高精度的光谱和热化学仪器，以研究加拿大核工业中使用的极端条件下的水溶液的性质。拟议的研究力求利用这一专门知识来确定关键的化学反应并测量所需的热化学参数，以开发国际公认的用于建模和化学控制的数据库--控制新建或翻新的CANDU加压重水核反应堆和拟议的小型模块化反应堆(SMR)；以及评估/发放核乏燃料地质储存场地的许可证。该计划由五个项目组成。(I)将完成一项最终的实验室研究，以提供定量数据和预测工具，以模拟在CANDU D2O初级冷却剂条件下，氚同位素对金属氧化物溶解度的影响。(Ii)量热研究和光谱分析将确定新提出的用于325摄氏度以下蒸汽发生器回路氧化还原和pH控制的有机添加剂的性质。(Iii)压力容器和拉曼光谱研究将测量预测二次冷却剂回路(250-325摄氏度)中腐蚀性过渡金属“隐藏”反应开始所需的热力学性质，其浓度最高可达其溶解极限。(4)将审查水基SMR反应堆，包括超临界蒸汽发生器(&gt；373C)的一次和二次冷却剂回路中的“隐藏”反应和临界场所效应。(V)将完成测量UO2(2+)和Ln(3+)水溶液形成常数的实验，并将于第三年开始在Th(4+)体系上进行实验。它们是NPO2(2+)、Cm(3+)和U(4+)的替代品，由于高放射性或极低的溶解度而难以研究。我们的合作伙伴是核工程卓越大学网络、CANDU所有者团体、核废料管理组织和电力研究所。