Industrialization and Decarbonization of the Construction Process

施工过程工业化、脱碳化

• 批准号: 577047-2022
• 负责人: AlHussein, MohamedM
• 金额: $ 21.52万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=748878
• 关键词: Industrialization; Decarbonization; Construction; Process

Building construction is an important industrial sector, yet it is lagging in innovation, employing conventional methods with high rates of waste, human error, rework, and occupational hazards. To address these issues, the following objectives will be pursued: (1) characterize the current practice and use lean concepts to improve the productivity of the offsite building construction sector; (2) develop technologies to facilitate mechanization and automation of the offsite building construction sector; (3) develop a framework for data-driven planning and management in construction manufacturing; (4) propose a building information modelling (BIM)-based framework to automate drafting and design for manufacturing, automate the assessment of GHG, and automate the assessment of building system energy demand to support low-energy building technologies; (5) apply artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools to digitalize the manufacturing process; (6) improve occupational safety through ergonomics studies; and (7) develop a framework for onsite installation of prefabricated building components using mobile cranes.ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS: (i) carry out simulation-based/comparative CO2 quantification as the basis for developing low-ecological impact construction practices; (ii) reduce material waste; and (iii) minimize emissions from the manufacturing process through the application of BIM, automated drafting and design, and advanced automation. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH BENEFITS: develop manufacturing technologies and best practices that improve safety through ergonomic measures. This will involve intelligent work assessments and physical demand analysis to establish best practices for injury prevention in construction manufacturing. ECONOMIC BENEFITS: contribute to Canada's economy by: (i) contributing to job creation, including skilled positions in automation; (ii) improving productivity by mitigating human error, reducing rework, and enabling continuous production through automation; (iii) training HQP with expertise in implementing industrialization; (iv) enhancing affordability through more efficient construction processes; and (v) developing exportable building products/components.

建筑业是一个重要的工业部门，但它在创新方面滞后，采用传统的方法，浪费率高，人为错误，返工和职业危害。为了解决这些问题，将追求以下目标：(1)描述当前的做法并使用精益概念来提高非现场建筑施工部门的生产率；(2)开发技术，促进非现场建筑施工部门的机械化和自动化；(3)构建建筑制造业数据驱动规划和管理框架；(4)提出基于建筑信息模型（BIM）的框架，以实现制造制图和设计自动化、温室气体评估自动化和建筑系统能源需求评估自动化，以支持低能耗建筑技术；(5)应用基于人工智能（AI）的工具实现制造过程的数字化；(6)通过人体工程学研究提高职业安全水平；(7)开发使用移动起重机现场安装装配式建筑构件的框架。环境效益：(i)进行模拟/比较二氧化碳量化，作为发展低生态影响建筑方法的基础；（ii）减少材料浪费；（iii）通过应用BIM、自动化制图和设计以及先进的自动化，最大限度地减少制造过程中的排放。职业健康福利：开发制造技术和最佳做法，通过人体工程学措施提高安全性。这将涉及智能工作评估和物理需求分析，以建立建筑制造业伤害预防的最佳实践。经济效益：通过以下方式为加拿大经济做出贡献：(i)创造就业机会，包括自动化技术岗位；（ii）通过减少人为错误、减少返工和通过自动化实现连续生产来提高生产率；（三）培训HQP具有实施工业化的专门知识；（iv）透过更有效率的建造程序，提高市民的负担能力；（五）开发可出口的建筑产品/部件。