Meshed Multi-Terminal Direct Current (MMTDC) Grid Protection and Control

网状多端直流 (MMTDC) 电网保护和控制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05495
• 负责人: PiroozAzad, Sahar
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=752229
• 关键词: Meshed; Multi; Terminal; Direct; Current

In recent decades, there has been a worldwide growing attention towards climate change. To move towards the decarbonisation of the energy sector and a more sustainable energy system, the share of renewable resources in the overall energy mix should be increased. Wind energy is one of the low-cost alternatives for generating clean energy and provides a hedge against higher carbon fuel costs. Recently, significant investments have been made in wind generation projects. In 2014, 37 wind power projects, totaling a production of 1871 MegaWatts (MWs), were installed in the Canadian provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Alberta, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. With this year's installation of the 270 MWs wind project in Ontario, Canada's installed wind generation has recently surpassed 10 GigaWatts. The large integration of renewable resources, in particular wind energy, poses various challenges to the operation of the electrical power system, and is driving research into changing the existing transmission infrastructure.Transmission of electrical power primarily relies on alternating current (AC) technology. Over long distances, the power transmission capacity of AC lines is drastically reduced. The alternative to high voltage AC technology is high voltage direct current (HVDC). HVDC is an environment-friendly low loss power transmission technology and over long distances, offers lower costs and visual impact and requires less space for towers and transmission lines (compared to AC). Besides the existing HVDC lines in Canada such as Quebec-New England, Nelson River and Vancouver Island, several more lines are under construction, including: Western and Eastern Alberta (expected in 2016), Labrador-Island (expected in 2017) and Maritime (expected in 2017). With the increase in the number of HVDC lines, it is envisioned that, in the long run, a meshed multi-terminal DC (MMTDC) grid will be built and overlay the AC transmission system. This grid will allow the combined AC and HVDC transmission system to absorb and economically transfer new sources of energy generation from renewable resources to remote load centres. An MMTDC grid has not been built in practice yet. There are several technical limitations that manufacturers and system operators are trying to overcome to facilitate the realization of an MMTDC grid. Protection, control and interoperability are among the most challenging questions. The proposed research will overcome these challenges and will pave the road for future realization of an MMTDC grid and all the benefits that it will bring to the society, including: improved electric system reliability, reduced converter ratings and costs, lower reserve capacity, reduced wind curtailment and increased power trading among neighboring countries. Furthermore, through this research program, several graduate and undergraduate students will be trained in specialized and sought after skills.

近几十年来，全世界对气候变化的关注越来越大。为了朝着能源领域的脱碳和更可持续的能源体系的脱碳，应增加可再生资源在整体能源组合中的份额。风能是产生清洁能源的低成本替代品之一，并为较高的碳燃料成本提供了对冲。最近，对风向项目进行了大量投资。 2014年，在安大略省，魁北克省，埃尔伯塔省，新斯科舍省和爱德华王子岛的加拿大省安装了37个风力发电项目，总共制作了1871兆瓦（MWS）。随着今年在安大略省的270 MWS风项目的安装，加拿大安装的Wind Generation最近超过了10吉瓦。可再生资源的大量整合，尤其是风能，对电力系统的运行构成了各种挑战，并正在推动研究改变现有的传输基础架构。电力的传输主要依赖于交替的电流（AC）技术。在长距离的情况下，交流线的功率传输能力大大降低。高压AC技术的替代方案是高压直流电流（HVDC）。 HVDC是一种环境友好的低损耗传输技术，并且在长距离内，提供较低的成本和视觉影响，并且需要更少的塔和传输线空间（与AC相比）。除了加拿大现有的HVDC线外，例如魁北克新英格兰，纳尔逊河和温哥华岛，还在建设中，包括：艾伯塔省西部和东部（预计在2016年），拉布拉多岛（Labrador-Island）（预计将于2017年）和海上（预期在2017年）。随着HVDC线数量的增加，可以避免从长远来看，将建立一个网状的多末端DC（MMTDC）网格，并覆盖交流传输系统。该网格将使联合的AC和HVDC传输系统能够吸收并经济地将新的能源发电源从可再生资源转移到偏远的负载中心。实际上尚未建立MMTDC网格。制造商和系统运营商试图克服一些技术局限性，以促进MMTDC网格的实现。保护，控制和互操作性是最具挑战性的问题之一。拟议的研究将克服这些挑战，并将为未来实现MMTDC电网的道路铺平道路，以及它将带给社会的所有好处，包括：提高电力系统的可靠性，降低转换器评级和成本，较低的储备金能力，减少风力减少和增加邻国之间的电力交易。此外，通过该研究计划，几位毕业生和本科生将接受专业和受欢迎的技能培训。