Towards the physical programming of bio-based buildings for natural thermoregulation

实现生物基建筑自然温度调节的物理编程

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04490
• 负责人: Craig, Salmaan
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=753109
• 关键词: Towards; physical; programming; bio; based

Decarbonizing the built environment presents many significant challenges. One is developing long-lived, fast-growing, bio-based construction materials at scale without destroyingDecarbonizing the built environment presents many significant challenges. One is developing long-lived, fast-growing, bio-based construction materials at scale without destroying soils, forests, and grasslands. Another is fully harnessing ambient heat sources and sinks for low-grade heating and cooling without excessive ductwork, piping, and refrigerants. This research program's long-term vision is to simultaneously address these two challenges by developing regional solutions for functionally integrated, bio-based buildings. Not only will these new bio-structures store carbon by prolonging the storage phase of natural carbon cycles, but they will also harness ambient energy for thermoregulation and ventilation with little to no equipment. Making these groundbreaking advances in integrated design requires concordant innovations at the material and building scale. Therefore, we focus on upgrading bio-based materials with special thermal functions by optimizing their internal composition, geometry, and surface morphology. We also focus on understanding the fluid mechanics of temperature cascades, where adjacent rooms exchange heat, so it is recycled upstream or recovered downstream of the warmest room. This new class of thermally-driven ventilation could eventually work in synchrony with the heat-exchanging materials developed in parallel investigations. This research program will focus on three short-term objectives planned over the next five years, working with a combination of theory, simulations, and experiments. Objective A investigates the use of load-bearing, bio-based composites for dynamic insulation. The focus is on characterizing the primary and supplementary heat-exchange mechanisms experimentally and optimizing for them. Objective B investigates the use of load-bearing, bio-based composites for thermal mass coupled with buoyancy ventilation. The focus is on understanding surface heat transfer and stratification profiles in situ and optimizing surface morphology accordingly. Finally, objective C investigates buoyancy flows in a temperature cascade. The focus is on exploring spatial arrangements that can sustain a thermally-driven ventilation flow, generate a temperature cascade between rooms, and recycle or recover heat across partition walls. We will use dynamically-scaled physical models and simulations to investigate these novel configurations. This program will help decarbonize construction industries in Canada and globally, while also creating new value-added supply chains in the bio-economy. It will train powerful industry-facing & public-oriented agents of change in the transition to a lower-carbon, more just, future for Canada.

建筑环境脱碳提出了许多重大挑战。一是在不破坏建筑环境的情况下，大规模开发长寿命、快速生长的生物基建筑材料。一个是在不破坏土壤、森林和草原的情况下，大规模开发长寿、快速生长的生物基建筑材料。另一种方法是充分利用环境热源和水槽进行低等级的加热和冷却，而不需要过多的管道系统、管道和制冷剂。该研究项目的长期愿景是通过开发功能集成的生物基建筑的区域解决方案来同时解决这两个挑战。这些新的生物结构不仅可以通过延长自然碳循环的储存阶段来储存碳，而且还可以利用环境能量进行温度调节和通风，几乎不需要设备。在综合设计方面取得这些突破性进展需要在材料和建筑规模上进行协调创新。因此，我们专注于通过优化其内部成分、几何形状和表面形态来升级具有特殊热功能的生物基材料。我们还专注于理解温度级联的流体力学，相邻房间交换热量，因此它在最温暖的房间的上游循环或下游回收。这种新型的热驱动通风最终可以与平行研究中开发的热交换材料同步工作。该研究项目将集中在未来五年计划的三个短期目标上，结合理论、模拟和实验。目的A研究承重生物基复合材料在动态保温中的应用。重点对主要和辅助换热机制进行了实验表征，并对其进行了优化。目的B研究承重、生物基复合材料的热质量与浮力通风耦合的使用。重点是了解原位表面传热和分层剖面，并相应地优化表面形貌。最后，目的C研究温度级联中的浮力流动。重点是探索能够维持热驱动通风流的空间安排，在房间之间产生温度级联，并通过隔墙回收或回收热量。我们将使用动态缩放的物理模型和模拟来研究这些新的配置。该项目将帮助加拿大和全球的建筑行业脱碳，同时在生物经济中创造新的增值供应链。它将培养强大的面向行业和面向公众的变革代理人，为加拿大向低碳、更公正的未来过渡。