Towards the physical programming of bio-based buildings for natural thermoregulation

实现生物基建筑自然温度调节的物理编程

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04490
• 负责人: Craig, Salmaan
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=753109
• 关键词: Towards; physical; programming; bio; based

Decarbonizing the built environment presents many significant challenges. One is developing long-lived, fast-growing, bio-based construction materials at scale without destroyingDecarbonizing the built environment presents many significant challenges. One is developing long-lived, fast-growing, bio-based construction materials at scale without destroying soils, forests, and grasslands. Another is fully harnessing ambient heat sources and sinks for low-grade heating and cooling without excessive ductwork, piping, and refrigerants. This research program's long-term vision is to simultaneously address these two challenges by developing regional solutions for functionally integrated, bio-based buildings. Not only will these new bio-structures store carbon by prolonging the storage phase of natural carbon cycles, but they will also harness ambient energy for thermoregulation and ventilation with little to no equipment. Making these groundbreaking advances in integrated design requires concordant innovations at the material and building scale. Therefore, we focus on upgrading bio-based materials with special thermal functions by optimizing their internal composition, geometry, and surface morphology. We also focus on understanding the fluid mechanics of temperature cascades, where adjacent rooms exchange heat, so it is recycled upstream or recovered downstream of the warmest room. This new class of thermally-driven ventilation could eventually work in synchrony with the heat-exchanging materials developed in parallel investigations. This research program will focus on three short-term objectives planned over the next five years, working with a combination of theory, simulations, and experiments. Objective A investigates the use of load-bearing, bio-based composites for dynamic insulation. The focus is on characterizing the primary and supplementary heat-exchange mechanisms experimentally and optimizing for them. Objective B investigates the use of load-bearing, bio-based composites for thermal mass coupled with buoyancy ventilation. The focus is on understanding surface heat transfer and stratification profiles in situ and optimizing surface morphology accordingly. Finally, objective C investigates buoyancy flows in a temperature cascade. The focus is on exploring spatial arrangements that can sustain a thermally-driven ventilation flow, generate a temperature cascade between rooms, and recycle or recover heat across partition walls. We will use dynamically-scaled physical models and simulations to investigate these novel configurations. This program will help decarbonize construction industries in Canada and globally, while also creating new value-added supply chains in the bio-economy. It will train powerful industry-facing & public-oriented agents of change in the transition to a lower-carbon, more just, future for Canada.

建筑环境的脱碳带来了许多重大挑战。一个是在不破坏建筑环境的情况下，大规模开发寿命长、增长快的生物基建筑材料。一是在不破坏土壤、森林和草原的情况下，大规模开发长寿、快速增长的生物基建筑材料。另一种是充分利用环境热源和散热器，用于低品位的供暖和制冷，而不需要过多的管网、管道和制冷剂。该研究计划的长期愿景是通过为功能集成的生物建筑开发地区性解决方案来同时应对这两个挑战。这些新的生物结构不仅将通过延长自然碳循环的储存阶段来储存碳，而且它们还将利用环境能量进行温度调节和通风，而几乎不需要设备。要在集成设计方面取得这些开创性的进步，需要在材料和建筑规模上进行协调创新。因此，我们致力于通过优化生物基材料的内部组成、几何结构和表面形态来升级具有特殊热功能的生物基材料。我们还专注于了解温度级联的流体力学，即相邻房间交换热量，因此热量被回收到最热的房间的上游或下游。这种新型的热驱动通风最终可能与平行研究中开发的热交换材料同步工作。这项研究计划将重点放在未来五年计划的三个短期目标上，结合理论、模拟和实验。目的探讨承重生物基复合材料在动态隔热中的应用。重点是通过实验表征主、辅助换热机理，并对其进行优化。目的探讨负重生物基复合材料在热质和浮力通风中的应用。重点是在现场了解表面换热和分层分布，并相应地优化表面形态。最后，目标C研究了温度级联中的浮力流动。重点是探索能够维持热驱动的通风流动、在房间之间产生温度级联以及跨隔墙回收或回收热量的空间布置。我们将使用动态缩放的物理模型和模拟来研究这些新的配置。该计划将帮助加拿大和全球的建筑业脱碳，同时还将在生物经济中创造新的增值供应链。它将培养强大的面向行业和面向公众的变革推动者，帮助加拿大向更低碳、更公正的未来过渡。