Evolutionary Ecology

进化生态学

• 批准号: CRC-2021-00039
• 负责人: Angert, Amy
• 金额: $ 14.57万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Canada Research Chairs
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=755204
• 关键词: Evolutionary; Ecology

As the Earth's climate rapidly changes, species are shifting their geographic ranges towards the poles and to higher elevations. However, few species are doing so at a rate that matches rapid climate change, and many species are not shifting at all. Scientists are currently unable to predict with high confidence which species will prove capable of migration, keeping pace with climate change, nor do we know whether species that are unable to move quickly enough will be able to persist by evolving new adaptations. Accurate prediction of geographic range shifts and contemporary climatic adaptation is critical for assessing vulnerabilities of individual species, such as those that are rare, threatened, or of economic importance. It is also important for forecasting the potential spread of pests and pathogens, identifying the optimal placement of protected areas, and changes in the composition of communities and the ecosystem services they provide.Dr. Amy L. Angert is working to understand the interplay of ecology and evolution in shaping geographic ranges and responses to climate change and to extend this scientific understanding to decision-making processes about biodiversity conservation. She and her research team are investigating how interactions between species -- such as competition, predation, and herbivory -- modify responses to climatic stress at different range edges, leading to range shifts that are not well predicted by rates of climate change alone. They are also investigating how the capacity for genetic adaptation to climatic stress varies among populations across species ranges, and whether species interactions hinder or amplify capacities for rapid climatic adaptation.Dr. Angert's work will lead to refined tools for modelling and forecasting species distributions in a changing climate, providing key information for understanding the future of many animal and plant species, including many of Canada's at-risk species, which reach their northern range limits in southern Canada. Ultimately, her research will help guide management and policy decisions concerning climate change adaptation and biodiversity preservation, such as whether human-assisted migration is necessary to conserve some species.

随着地球气候的迅速变化，物种正在将它们的地理范围向两极和更高的海拔转移。然而，很少有物种以与快速气候变化相匹配的速度迁移，而且许多物种根本没有迁移。科学家们目前还不能很有把握地预测哪些物种能够跟上气候变化的步伐迁徙，我们也不知道那些不能足够快地迁徙的物种是否能够通过进化出新的适应能力而生存下来。准确预测地理范围变化和当代气候适应对于评估个别物种的脆弱性至关重要，例如那些稀有、受威胁或具有经济重要性的物种。这对于预测害虫和病原体的潜在传播，确定保护区的最佳位置，以及群落组成及其提供的生态系统服务的变化也很重要。艾米·l·安杰特致力于了解生态和进化在塑造地理范围和应对气候变化方面的相互作用，并将这种科学理解扩展到有关生物多样性保护的决策过程中。她和她的研究小组正在研究物种之间的相互作用——比如竞争、捕食和食草——如何改变不同范围边缘对气候压力的反应，从而导致范围的变化，而这些变化并不能仅凭气候变化的速度来很好地预测。他们还在调查不同物种的种群对气候压力的遗传适应能力是如何变化的，以及物种间的相互作用是阻碍还是增强了快速适应气候的能力。Angert的工作将为在不断变化的气候中建模和预测物种分布提供完善的工具，为了解许多动植物物种的未来提供关键信息，包括许多加拿大濒临灭绝的物种，这些物种在加拿大南部达到了其北部范围的极限。最终，她的研究将有助于指导有关气候变化适应和生物多样性保护的管理和政策决策，例如人类辅助迁移是否有必要保护某些物种。