Evolutionary Ecology

进化生态学

• 批准号: CRC-2021-00039
• 负责人: Angert, Amy
• 金额: $ 14.57万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Canada Research Chairs
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=755204
• 关键词: Evolutionary; Ecology

As the Earth's climate rapidly changes, species are shifting their geographic ranges towards the poles and to higher elevations. However, few species are doing so at a rate that matches rapid climate change, and many species are not shifting at all. Scientists are currently unable to predict with high confidence which species will prove capable of migration, keeping pace with climate change, nor do we know whether species that are unable to move quickly enough will be able to persist by evolving new adaptations. Accurate prediction of geographic range shifts and contemporary climatic adaptation is critical for assessing vulnerabilities of individual species, such as those that are rare, threatened, or of economic importance. It is also important for forecasting the potential spread of pests and pathogens, identifying the optimal placement of protected areas, and changes in the composition of communities and the ecosystem services they provide.Dr. Amy L. Angert is working to understand the interplay of ecology and evolution in shaping geographic ranges and responses to climate change and to extend this scientific understanding to decision-making processes about biodiversity conservation. She and her research team are investigating how interactions between species -- such as competition, predation, and herbivory -- modify responses to climatic stress at different range edges, leading to range shifts that are not well predicted by rates of climate change alone. They are also investigating how the capacity for genetic adaptation to climatic stress varies among populations across species ranges, and whether species interactions hinder or amplify capacities for rapid climatic adaptation.Dr. Angert's work will lead to refined tools for modelling and forecasting species distributions in a changing climate, providing key information for understanding the future of many animal and plant species, including many of Canada's at-risk species, which reach their northern range limits in southern Canada. Ultimately, her research will help guide management and policy decisions concerning climate change adaptation and biodiversity preservation, such as whether human-assisted migration is necessary to conserve some species.

随着地球气候的快速变化，物种正在将它们的地理范围向两极和更高的海拔转移。然而，很少有物种的变化速度与快速的气候变化相匹配，而且许多物种根本没有改变。科学家目前无法高度自信地预测哪些物种将被证明有能力迁徙，与气候变化保持同步，我们也不知道无法足够快移动的物种是否能够通过进化新的适应能力持续下去。对地理范围变化和当代气候适应的准确预测对于评估个别物种的脆弱性至关重要，例如那些稀有、受威胁或具有经济重要性的物种。这对于预测害虫和病原体的潜在传播、确定保护区的最佳位置以及社区组成和它们提供的生态系统服务的变化也很重要。艾米·L·安格特正在努力了解生态学和进化论在塑造地理范围和应对气候变化方面的相互作用，并将这种科学理解扩展到关于生物多样性保护的决策过程。她和她的研究团队正在研究物种之间的相互作用--如竞争、捕食和食草--如何在不同的范围边缘改变对气候压力的反应，导致仅凭气候变化速度不能很好地预测范围变化。他们还在调查不同物种的种群对气候压力的遗传适应能力是如何变化的，以及物种之间的相互作用是否会阻碍或放大快速适应气候的能力。安格特的工作将带来在气候变化中对物种分布进行建模和预测的改进工具，为了解许多动植物物种的未来提供关键信息，包括许多加拿大濒危物种，这些物种在加拿大南部达到其北部活动范围的极限。最终，她的研究将有助于指导有关气候变化适应和生物多样性保护的管理和政策决策，例如是否有必要通过人类辅助迁徙来保护某些物种。