Enhancing User Interfaces to Support Privacy Mental Models

隐私的一个关键方面是考虑做出关键决策并与隐私机制交互以保护其个人信息的人类用户。用户对流程和技术的感知和交互由他们的心理模型指导。我的研究计划的长期目标是设计、开发和评估软件工具和方法，以支持用户的隐私心理模型，并提高隐私界面和机制的可用性、透明度和控制性。我的研究计划的第一个目标(O1)是开发反馈系统来支持决策，作为对损害隐私的操纵界面(即隐私暗模式)的对策。我们将开发及时预警系统和教育游戏，帮助用户识别和避免这些模式。这些工具的设计将通过研究驱动的设计过程、学习科学、迭代原型制作以及显示参与和学习结果证据的用户研究来提供信息。第二个目标(O2)将审查用于确定支持新兴技术心理模型的概念隐喻和视觉隐喻的方法方法和工具。我们将开发可视化工具来收集和分析隐私“故事”、使用场景和信息流。我们将使用这些数据来识别用户在新兴技术背景下对隐私的感知、心理模型和隐喻，例如智能家居环境中的物联网(IoT)。这些研究活动将加深我们对新兴技术中隐私的视觉和概念隐喻的理解，有助于设计新的隐私界面和图像。在第三个也是最后一个目标(03)中，我们还将开发工具来支持用户在具有不同隐私要求的特殊情况下的心理模型。我们建议从亲子照看情况开始，当隐私偏好被委托给受信任的代理时。我们将开发一个模型，描述如何支持这些用户，并根据用户在这些情况下对隐私的态度和行为来确定专门的隐私角色，以对用户进行分类。接下来，我们将使用参与式设计技术来开发和评估旨在促进隐私交互和构建心理模型的新工具，例如具有教育反馈的隐私保护父母控制系统。这项研究的主要成果将包括经经验验证的工具、方法和用户界面设计原则，以支持用户的隐私决策过程。该研究计划下的学员将在人机交互(HCI)、可用隐私、用户体验(UX)和用户界面(UI)设计方面获得基于证据的多学科研究技能，这些技能对于应对加拿大和世界各地未来的隐私挑战至关重要。

A key aspect of privacy considers the human users who make critical decisions and interact with privacy mechanisms to protect their personal information. Users' perceptions and interactions with processes and technology are guided by their mental models. The long-term goal of my research program is to design, develop, and evaluate software tools and methods to support users' mental models of privacy and improve the usability, transparency, and control of privacy interfaces and mechanisms. My research program's first objective (O1) is to develop feedback systems to support decision-making as countermeasures for privacy-compromising manipulative interfaces (i.e., privacy dark patterns). We will develop just-in-time warning systems and educational games to help users recognize and avoid these patterns. The design of these tools will be informed by a research-driven design process, learning science, iterative prototyping, and user studies showing evidence of engagement and learning outcomes. The second objective (O2) will examine methodological approaches and tools for identifying conceptual and visual metaphors that support mental models of emerging technologies. We will develop visualization tools for collecting and analyzing privacy "stories", usage scenarios, and information flows. We will use the data to identify users' perceptions, mental models, and metaphors of privacy in the context of emerging technology, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart home environments. The research activities will advance our understanding of the visual and conceptual metaphors of privacy in emerging technology, which can aid the design of new privacy interfaces and imagery. In the third and final objective (O3), we will develop tools to support users' mental models in specialized situations with distinct privacy requirements. We propose starting with parent-child caregiving situations when privacy preferences are delegated to a trusted proxy. We will develop a model that describes how these users should be supported and identify specialized privacy personas to cluster users based on their attitudes and behaviours towards privacy in these situations. Next, we will use participatory design techniques to develop and evaluate new tools designed to facilitate privacy interactions and build mental models, such as a privacy-preserving parental control system with educational feedback. Major outcomes of this research will include empirically validated tools, methods, and user interface design principles for supporting users' privacy decision-making processes. Trainees under the research program will gain evidence-based, multidisciplinary research skills in human-computer interaction (HCI), usable privacy, user experience (UX), and user interface (UI) design, which are critical for addressing future privacy challenges in Canada and worldwide.