The effects of manipulating human blood flow with exercise

通过运动控制人体血液流动的效果

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04077
• 负责人: Burr, Jamie
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=757138
• 关键词: effects; manipulating; human; blood; flow

The use of a tourniquet around a limb during exercise, known as blood flow restriction (BFR) training, has become increasingly popular in both rehabilitative and athletics settings as improvements in strength and muscle mass can occur without the need to lift heavy weights. Emerging evidence further suggests BFR during light intensity aerobic exercise may also improve endurance capacity. In addition to having important utility in the applied setting, BFR offers a unique model to study the response to stressors of the cardiovascular system and downstream organs like skeletal muscle. By carefully emphasizing individual components of the systems that are responsible for cardiovascular regulation, homeostasis, and training adaptation, we can gain insight into the mechanisms that underly the enhanced efficacy of BFR to stimulate change and understand physiological control. Accumulating data suggests that BFR exercise can elicit unexpectedly large increases in fitness, even amongst well trained athletes who are typically resistant to change; yet existing evidence suggests these changes do not appear to be exaggerated at the level of the muscle. As aerobic capacity (VO2max; or the ability to take up and use oxygen) is influenced by both the amount of oxygenated blood supplied and the amount of oxygen extracted from the blood at the working tissue, research is needed to fill the void examining the potential effects of BFR on blood delivery. Oxygenated blood supply to the tissue could be influenced by changes in cardiac function, vascular function, blood volume, blood pressure, blood composition, or some combination of these factors to alter cardiovascular performance. In this research we will specifically seek to understand: 1) the implications of removing (trapping) blood volume from circulation and the short-term effects on volume regulating responses and O2 carrying capacity 2) the effects of blood trapping on the ability of the heart to increase cardiac output, along with the sensitivity of sympathetic nerve activity to control blood pressure and 3) the influence on resting blood pressure and cardiovascular control over time with repeated stressing of these systems. Finally, we will examine the causal role of alterations in plasma volume, O2 carrying capacity, and muscular endurance with alterations in aerobic capacity. We will consider the temporal response of these changes and cause-and-effect relationships with the magnitude of the applied stressor. An understanding of the mechanisms underlying the ability of BFR to elicit adaptations will allow for the optimization of these methods targeted toward causing adaptive changes. As such, this work has implications for use in clinical treatment as well as potential applications to physical performance (national defense, emergency services, athletes), blood services, and astronauts returning from prolonged space travel.

在运动期间在肢体周围使用止血带，称为血流限制（BFR）训练，在康复和运动环境中越来越受欢迎，因为可以在不需要举起重物的情况下改善力量和肌肉质量。新出现的证据进一步表明，在低强度有氧运动中的BFR也可能提高耐力。除了在应用环境中具有重要实用性外，BFR还提供了一种独特的模型来研究心血管系统和骨骼肌等下游器官对应激源的反应。通过仔细强调负责心血管调节、稳态和训练适应的系统的各个组成部分，我们可以深入了解BFR增强功效的机制，以刺激变化并理解生理控制。越来越多的数据表明，BFR运动可以引起身体素质的意外大幅提高，即使是训练有素的运动员，他们通常对改变有抵抗力;然而，现有的证据表明，这些变化在肌肉水平上似乎并没有被夸大。由于有氧能力（最大摄氧量;或摄取和使用氧气的能力）受工作组织供应的含氧血液量和从血液中提取的氧气量的影响，因此需要进行研究以填补空白，检查BFR对血液输送的潜在影响。组织的氧合血供应可能受到心脏功能、血管功能、血容量、血压、血液成分或这些因素的某种组合的变化的影响，从而改变心血管性能。在这项研究中，我们将特别寻求了解：（1）删除的含义（捕获）循环中的血容量以及对容量调节反应和O2携带能力的短期影响2）血液捕获对心脏增加心输出量的能力的影响，沿着交感神经活动的敏感性来控制血压; 3）随着时间的推移，这些系统的反复应激对静息血压和心血管控制的影响。最后，我们将研究血浆容量、携氧能力和肌肉耐力的改变与有氧能力改变的因果关系。我们将考虑这些变化的时间反应和因果关系与所施加的压力的大小。了解BFR引起适应能力的机制将允许优化这些方法，以引起适应性变化。因此，这项工作对临床治疗以及物理性能（国防，紧急服务，运动员），血液服务和从长期太空旅行返回的宇航员的潜在应用具有影响。