Detonation Dynamics in Chemically Reactive Systems: Modelling, Experiments and Technological Applications

化学反应系统中的爆炸动力学：建模、实验和技术应用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06698
• 负责人: Ng, HoiDick
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: Concordia University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=759681
• 关键词: Detonation; Dynamics; Chemically; Reactive; Systems

Under favorable conditions, a detonative combustion can occur in a reactive system causing a significant increase in temperature and pressure of the surrounding medium. A detonation is a supersonic, self-sustained, combustion-driven wave, and an intriguing dynamical event observed in nature. The destructive nature of this phenomenon implies a good knowledge of detonation dynamics is required for the safe management of many industrial settings. A proper, controlled detonative combustion can also provide innovative applications particularly for aerospace systems and miniature mechanical devices which require a powerful driving source.A five year research program is proposed to advance the understanding of detonation dynamics and its potential technological applications. This will be accomplished through modeling of fundamental detonation problems of direct initiation and limit phenomena in a hierarchical approach, from basic physically-based analytical modeling to high-fidelity, unsteady simulations. An integrated model with multiple mechanisms of losses, boundary layer effects and flow instabilities for the velocity deficits and limits will be developed. Unsteady simulations will be used to study the dynamics of near-limit detonations; to numerically determine the initiation energy; and analyze the cellular evolution of diverging detonations. Real gas effects and complex chemistry including different equations of state and non-equilibrium effects will be assessed to improve the current model description of detonations. In addition to the measurement of explosion hazards for blended alternative fuel mixtures and dispersed reactive media, experiments will be conducted to explore how a detonation is affected by sudden changes in chemical and thermodynamic states of the reacting flow, revealing underlying dynamical processes within its structure. Finally, two distinct applications of the detonation phenomenon will be explored. The first application deals with the oblique detonation wave (ODW) concept for supersonic propulsion systems. The aim is to understand the ODW formation structure and instability through realistic flow simulations for developing workable ODW engines. The second topic is on the development of a combustion-type, controlled release, needle-free, liquid jet injection technology for drug delivery. The idea is to design a needle-free injector that will harness the pressure generation from different modes of combustion process. The ultimate goal of this research is to advance the fundamental understanding of how a detonation is formed, the effects influencing its propagation, and implementing its use in a controlled manner for engineering applications. This research program will have a broad impact in energy, defense, aerospace and biomedical industries and produce a group of HQPs with expertise in explosion safety and detonation physics.

在有利的条件下，爆轰燃烧可以在反应系统中发生，导致周围介质的温度和压力显著增加。爆轰是一种超声速、自持、燃烧驱动的波，是自然界中观察到的一种有趣的动力学事件。这一现象的破坏性意味着许多工业环境的安全管理需要良好的爆炸动力学知识。适当的、可控的爆轰燃烧也可以提供创新的应用，特别是对于需要强大驱动源的航空航天系统和微型机械设备。提出了一个五年的研究计划，以提高对爆轰动力学及其潜在技术应用的认识。这将通过直接起爆和限制现象的基本爆炸问题的分层方法建模来实现，从基本的基于物理的分析建模到高保真的非定常模拟。将建立一个综合模型，其中包括损失、边界层效应和流速不足和极限的流动不稳定性的多种机制。非定常模拟将被用来研究近极限爆炸的动力学;数值确定起爆能量;并分析发散爆炸的细胞演化。将评估真实的气体效应和复杂的化学反应，包括不同的状态方程和非平衡效应，以改进目前对爆炸的模型描述。除了测量混合的替代燃料混合物和分散的反应介质的爆炸危险外，还将进行实验以探索爆炸如何受到反应流的化学和热力学状态的突然变化的影响，揭示其结构内的潜在动力学过程。最后，将探讨爆轰现象的两种不同的应用。第一个应用涉及超音速推进系统的斜爆震波（ODW）概念。其目的是了解ODW的形成结构和不稳定性，通过现实的流动模拟开发可行的ODW发动机。第二个主题是关于燃烧型、控制释放、无针、液体喷射注射给药技术的开发。这个想法是设计一个无针喷射器，将利用不同模式的燃烧过程中产生的压力。这项研究的最终目标是推进基本了解爆炸是如何形成的，影响其传播的影响，并实施其使用在一个受控的方式为工程应用。该研究计划将在能源，国防，航空航天和生物医学行业产生广泛的影响，并产生一组具有爆炸安全和爆炸物理专业知识的HQP。