Hyperspectral Compressive Sensing Spectrometer for Adult Neuromonitoring in Cardiac Surgery

用于成人心脏手术神经监测的高光谱压缩传感光谱仪

• 批准号: DH-2022-00545
• 负责人: Diop, Mamadou
• 金额: $ 14.64万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Horizons
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=760678
• 关键词: Hyperspectral; Compressive; Sensing; Spectrometer; Adult

Cardiac surgery is a life-saving operation but carries a high-risk of brain injury. Today, 3-6% of the 40,000/year patients undergoing heart surgery in Canada will suffer from serious brain injury, mainly caused by inadequate blood flow to the brain (cerebral ischemia) resulting from the operation. Unfortunately, there is currently no noninvasive neuromonitor that can reliably detect adult cerebral ischemia in cardiac surgery.We previously developed a safe near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique that can detect cerebral ischemia in neonates by monitoring the redox state of cytochrome-c-oxidase (oxCCO) - a transmembrane protein in the mitochondria that is highly sensitive to cerebral ischemia. Such a portable device would be ideal for neuromonitoring; however, extending the technique to adults remains an unmet challenge because of their thick skull.Our objective is to develop a NIRS technique that can noninvasively monitor oxCCO in the adult brain and demonstrate the feasibility of acquiring these measurements in patients undergoing heart surgery.We will build a time-resolved NIRS device that can measure deep-tissue absorption at several dozens of wavelengths, as required for oxCCO measurement. Short pulses of light (picosecond in duration) will be sent into tissue and the time-of-flight of the photons will be precisely measured using advanced quantum detection. We will select photons that arrive at the detector long after the laser pulse, as they travelled deep in the head and have a high probability of probing the brain. This is important because the noninvasive optical probes will be placed on the skin and light must travel through the scalp and thick (10 mm) adult skull before reaching the brain.To meet the stringent technical requirements of the device, inform its design, and validate it, we have assembled an interdisciplinary team with expertise in biomedical device development, quantum sensing, and clinical applications of novel technologies to improve patient outcome. To train Canada's future scientific workforce, three graduate students will be recruited, using current best practices in EDI, and trained to develop, validate, and use the device in the clinic. This proposal will lead to the development of a technique that could reduce the incidence of heart surgery related brain injuries and make this common surgical operation safer for the 1 million people who undergo it around the world every year.

心脏手术是一种挽救生命的手术，但有很高的脑损伤风险。今天，在加拿大每年接受心脏手术的40，000名患者中，有3-6%会遭受严重的脑损伤，主要是由于手术导致的脑血流不足（脑缺血）。不幸的是，目前还没有无创神经监测仪，可以可靠地检测成人脑缺血心脏surgery.We以前开发了一种安全的近红外光谱（NIRS）技术，可以检测脑缺血新生儿通过监测细胞色素c氧化酶（oxCCO）的氧化还原状态-一个跨膜蛋白在线粒体，是高度敏感的脑缺血。这种便携式设备将是理想的神经监测;但是，在此情况下，将该技术推广到成年人仍然是一个尚未满足的挑战，因为他们的头骨很厚。我们的目标是开发一种近红外技术，可以无创地监测成年人大脑中的oxCCO，并证明在接受心脏手术的患者中获得这些测量值的可行性。我们将建立一种时间分辨的近红外装置，可以测量深部组织中的oxCCO。在几十个波长的组织吸收，如oxCCO测量所需。短脉冲光（持续时间为皮秒）将被发送到组织中，光子的飞行时间将使用先进的量子检测精确测量。我们将选择在激光脉冲之后很久到达探测器的光子，因为它们在头部深处行进，并且有很高的概率探测大脑。这一点很重要，因为非侵入性光学探针将被放置在皮肤上，光线必须穿过头皮和厚厚的（10毫米）成人头骨才能到达大脑。为了满足设备的严格技术要求，为其设计提供信息并验证它，我们组建了一支具有生物医学设备开发、量子传感、以及新技术的临床应用，以改善患者的治疗效果。为了培养加拿大未来的科学工作者，将招募三名研究生，使用EDI中当前的最佳实践，并培训他们在诊所中开发，验证和使用该设备。这项提案将导致开发一种技术，可以减少心脏手术相关脑损伤的发生率，并使这种常见的外科手术对每年在世界各地接受手术的100万人来说更安全。