R3AI: Shifting Paradigms for a Robust, Reasoning, and Responsible Artificial Intelligence and its Adoption

为了推进加拿大的优先事项，由IVADO领导的R3AI计划将开发和应用一种急需的新型人工智能（AI），它具有鲁棒性、推理性和责任感。据预测，人工智能将对我们的社会制度、环境和经济产生越来越大的重大影响。然而，有两个主要障碍阻碍加拿大和其他国家最大限度地发挥其积极影响，要求转变模式。第一个障碍是，当部署在不确定的“非分布”环境中时，当前人工智能的鲁棒性不够。第二个问题是人工智能的部署和采用与道德、组织、社会、文化和法律因素之间的不一致，这些因素构成了人工智能的实施方式。在UdeM、HEC、Poly、ULaval和McGill的学术和机构支持下，R3AI将汇集世界领先的多学科研究人员和实施专家来应对这些挑战。第一个问题将通过促进人工智能和认知神经科学专家的合作来解决，以更好地理解和缩小目前人工智能与人类智能之间的差距。第二个问题将通过发展人工智能应用科学来解决，特别要注意确保人工智能的部署是负责任的，人工智能创新与公平、多样性和包容性（EDI）目标保持一致，并且在现实生活中与最终用户、未被充分代表的群体成员和土著人民共同构建。为了在对加拿大具有战略重要性的部门调动R3AI， IVADO将在五个合作伙伴具有主要优势的三个关键优先部门实施新的AI设计和采用战略：(1)有用的新分子——减少发现新药的时间和成本，例如那些对抗未来流行病和抗菌素耐药性所需的药物，并帮助发现实现碳中和所需的材料；(2)环境紧急情况-破译和预测生物多样性数据，以缓解气候变化和改善全球健康；(3)卫生系统-开发可预测的、可解释的和因果的卫生模型，可在社区和组织中推广，这些模型将对患者和卫生系统产生关键结果。R3AI将为这三个优先领域的物流和供应链挑战提供解决方案。

In order to advance Canadian priorities, the R3AI program led by IVADO will develop and apply a much needed novel artificial intelligence (AI) that is Robust, Reasoning and Responsible.Why? AI is predicted to have major and increasing impacts on our social systems, environment, and economies. However, two major obstacles prevent Canada and other countries from maximizing its positive impacts, calling for a paradigm shift. The first hurdle is the insufficient robustness of current AI when deployed in uncertain "out-of-distribution" settings. The second issue is the misalignment between the deployment and adoption of AI and the ethical, organizational, social, cultural, and legal factors that frame the way it should be implemented.How? With the academic and institutional support of UdeM, HEC, Poly, ULaval, and McGill, R3AI will bring world-leading multidisciplinary researchers and implementation experts to tackle these challenges. The first will be addressed by fostering the collaboration of AI and cognitive neuroscience experts to better understand and narrow the gap between current AI and human intelligence. The second will be overcome by developing the science of AI adoption, with particular attention put towards ensuring that AI is deployed responsibly and that AI innovations are aligned with equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) objectives and are moreover co-built in real-life situations with end users, members of underrepresented groups, and Indigenous Peoples.What? To mobilize R3AI in sectors of strategic importance for Canada, IVADO will implement the new AI design and adoption strategies in three key priority sectors in which the 5 partners have major strengths: (1) Useful New Molecules - reduce the time and cost of discovering new drugs, e.g. those needed to fight future pandemics and antimicrobial resistance, as well as help to discover the materials required to achieve carbon neutrality; (2) Environmental Emergencies - decipher and predict biodiversity data to mitigate climate change and improve global health; and (3) Health Systems - develop predictive, explainable, and causal health models generalizable across communities and organizations that will have critical outcomes for patients and health systems. R3AI will provide solutions to logistics and supply chain challenges cross-cutting these 3 priority sectors.