Brain circuits and dynamics for memory consolidation

记忆巩固的脑回路和动力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04600
• 负责人: Peyrache, Adrien
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=761351
• 关键词: Brain; circuits; dynamics; memory; consolidation

Each instant of our lives is unique, and can be potentially remembered for our entire lifespan. How does the brain manage to form a lasting imprint of life episodes that happened only once? It is now established that sleep plays a crucial role in strengthening recently formed memories. During this offline' state, the brain selects and reprocesses information that is the most relevant for future use. The hippocampus is a brain region that is essential for the temporary storage of new information by establishing a memory trace in one-shot'. After a period of maturation, that could range from days to years, memories are eventually stored in the neocortex. During sleep, neuronal patterns associated with new memories are replayed in the hippocampus and its cortical targets, suggesting that the repetition of these neuronal ensembles in the hippocampus enables the formation of permanent memory trace in the cortex. Therefore, the communication between the hippocampus and the cortex is believed to be a fundamental mechanism of memory consolidation, yet how information is routed to and from the hippocampus remains largely unknown. The thalamus relays neuronal signal between cortical areas, in particular between the hippocampal formation and cortical areas. Our research program aims to investigate the dynamical coordination of the hippocampus, the neocortex and the thalamus underlying the formation of new memories. The brain is, by essence, a dynamical system and exhibits oscillatory patterns during wakefulness and sleep that spans orders of magnitude of time scales. During sleep, the replay of recent memories in the hippocampus are coordinated by oscillations of the thalamo-cortical network to enable an optimal communication between these brain structures, but the underlying neuronal processes are still largely unknown. We will thus address this question by investigating the role of these oscillations in memory. To achieve these goals, we will use a combination of cutting-edge experimental techniques, including multi-channel electrophysiology and genetic tools in freely moving mice, as well as advanced analytical methods to quantify the dynamics of brain networks. In conclusion, this program will shed light on the dynamics of brain networks that enable the formation and strengthening of new memories in the brain.

我们生命中的每一个瞬间都是独一无二的，并且可能会在我们的整个生命中被记住。大脑是如何设法形成一个持久的印记，只发生过一次的生活事件？现在已经确定，睡眠在加强最近形成的记忆方面起着至关重要的作用。在这种离线状态下，大脑选择并重新处理与未来使用最相关的信息。海马体是一个大脑区域，它通过一次性建立记忆痕迹来临时存储新信息。经过一段时间的成熟，可能从几天到几年，记忆最终储存在新皮层。在睡眠期间，与新记忆相关的神经元模式在海马及其皮质靶区中重放，这表明海马中这些神经元集合的重复能够在皮质中形成永久的记忆痕迹。因此，海马体和皮层之间的通信被认为是记忆巩固的基本机制，但信息如何进出海马体仍然是未知的。丘脑在皮质区域之间，特别是在海马结构和皮质区域之间传递神经元信号。我们的研究计划旨在探讨海马体，新皮层和丘脑的动态协调形成新的记忆。从本质上讲，大脑是一个动态系统，在清醒和睡眠期间表现出跨越时间尺度数量级的振荡模式。在睡眠期间，海马体中最近记忆的重放通过丘脑-皮质网络的振荡来协调，以使这些大脑结构之间能够进行最佳通信，但基本的神经元过程仍然是未知的。因此，我们将通过研究这些振荡在记忆中的作用来解决这个问题。为了实现这些目标，我们将结合使用尖端的实验技术，包括自由移动小鼠的多通道电生理学和遗传工具，以及先进的分析方法来量化大脑网络的动态。总之，该计划将揭示大脑网络的动态，使大脑中新记忆的形成和加强。