Understanding the principles of complex trait inheritance and genetic incompatibility

了解复杂性状遗传和遗传不相容性的原理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-07002
• 负责人: HoyosVillegas, Valerio
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=763568
• 关键词: Understanding; principles; complex; trait; inheritance

This proposal intends to establish the basis for studying the inheritance patterns, frequency and phenotypic effects of accumulating quantitative trait loci (i.e. genome segments or QTL) that control three genetically complex traits in dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The long-term objective of the program is to understand the role of deleterious alleles in the fitness and improvement of self-pollinated crop species, particularly their involvement in complex trait architecture and genetic compatibility. The short-term goal will be to develop multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations. We will create three structured populations that contain multiple verifiable genomic segments maximized for recombination and multi-QTL introgression using disease resistance and drought tolerance as complex traits under study. White mold is a serious disease in dry bean, particularly in high-input irrigated production systems. In such situations, irrigation can potentially lead into higher white mold disease incidence. The first specific objective will develop knowledge on the genetic mechanisms of durable resistance to white mold, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lib. de Bary. In dry bean, intermittent and terminal drought stress events results in losses in productivity of over 60% worldwide. Dry bean growing regions of Canada often require supplemental irrigation, particularly the western provinces. The projections for the 2016-2035 period predict a decrease in precipitation of up to 10%. The second objective will involve developing populations for understanding the genetics behind drought stress tolerance. New technologies promise to enable the guided introgression of multiple independent QTL responsible for enhanced white mold resistance or drought tolerance. We hypothesize that: i) large arrays of genetic markers derived from whole genome sequences are capable of informing rate of introgression of multiple interacting QTL of interest into structured populations; ii) field sensors can increase the precision in measuring and dissecting traits of interest with sufficient throughput while minimizing error and maximize selection accuracy in accumulating multiple QTL; iii) directed recombination and selection for individuals with multiple interacting QTL can be predicted using adaptive statistical models specific to QTL of interest. The results from this program will create a platform for improving complex traits in pulse crops by developing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays and high-throughput phenotyping tools in the field. Canadian plant breeding programs will benefit significantly from the results obtained. Specifically, the understanding of complex genetic structure will enable Canadian pulse breeding programs to design strategies to accelerate the rate of genetic gain. More importantly, a breakthrough into the principles governing complex trait inheritance will be revealed, impacting the rate of genetic gain in self-pollinated crops.

本研究旨在为研究控制菜豆3个遗传复杂性状的累积数量性状位点（即基因组片段或QTL）的遗传模式、频率和表型效应奠定基础。该计划的长期目标是了解有害等位基因在自花授粉作物物种的适应性和改进中的作用，特别是它们在复杂性状结构和遗传相容性中的作用。短期目标是发展多亲本高世代间杂交（MAGIC）种群。我们将创建三个结构化群体，其中包含多个可验证的基因组片段，最大化重组和多QTL渗入，使用抗病性和耐旱性作为研究中的复杂性状。白色霉菌是干豆上的一种严重病害，特别是在高投入的灌溉生产系统中。在这种情况下，灌溉可能会导致更高的白色霉菌病的发病率。第一个具体目标是发展对白色霉菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lib）持久抗性的遗传机制的知识。德·巴里。在干豆中，间歇性和终末干旱胁迫事件导致全球生产力损失超过60%。加拿大的干豆种植区通常需要补充灌溉，特别是西部省份。2016-2035年期间的预测预测降水量将减少10%。第二个目标将涉及发展人口，以了解耐旱性背后的遗传学。新技术有望使多个独立QTL的引导渐渗成为可能，这些QTL负责增强白色霉菌抗性或耐旱性。我们假设：ii）场传感器可以以足够的通量增加测量和剖析感兴趣的性状的精度，同时在积累多个QTL时最小化误差并最大化选择精度; iii）具有多个相互作用的QTL的个体的定向重组和选择可以使用对感兴趣的QTL特异的自适应统计模型来预测。该项目的结果将通过开发单核苷酸多态性（SNP）阵列和高通量表型分析工具，为改善豆类作物的复杂性状创造一个平台。加拿大植物育种计划将从所获得的结果中受益匪浅。具体来说，复杂的遗传结构的理解将使加拿大脉冲育种计划设计策略，以加快遗传增益的速度。更重要的是，将揭示复杂性状遗传原理的突破，影响自花授粉作物的遗传增益率。