Development of strategies to mitigate antibiotic resistance in swine

制定减轻猪抗生素耐药性的策略

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-03321
• 负责人: Vincent, Antony
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=765084
• 关键词: Development; strategies; mitigate; antibiotic; resistance

The agriculture and agri-food sector contributes over $111.9 billion to the Canadian economy and employs 2.3 million people across the country. Canada is the third largest exporter of pork worldwide, with 778,663 tons in 2017 and $2.6 billion CAD income. Food security for the Canadian agri-food sector, including pig rearing, is a primary sustainability goal for Canada. Pigs, like all living things, constantly interact with microorganisms. Though most of these interactions are neutral or beneficial to animals, certain pathogenic microorganisms can cause serious diseases, leading to significant economic losses to the industry. Intensive farming methods tend to create an environment conducive to infections. Soon after their discovery, antibiotics began to be used to minimize animal losses caused by infectious bacterial diseases. Antibiotics have made it possible to increase productivity and to improve animal welfare. However, for several decades, there has been an increase in bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics in most spheres of human activity, including in the agricultural sector. As the demand for pork is expected to increase to support the growing population, it is essential to find sustainable means to mitigate the impact of pathogens without the economic and ecological costs of increasing resistance to antibiotics. The long-term goal of this research program is to mitigate the impact of antibiotic resistance in pigs. For the next five years, the research will take the following steps toward the goal: (1) Determine the microbial players involved in the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes in the porcine gut microbiota, with the hope to develop targeted methods to reduce pathogens. (2) Mitigate infection risk and antibiotic resistance by optimizing probiotic bacteria to make them more resistant to the hostile conditions of the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. (3) Find bacteria that can use antibiotic residues in manure as a carbon source, and characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in this bioremediation process. To achieve the proposed objectives, we will use an original and holistic approach that combines classical microbiology, bioinformatics, and animal sciences. The innovative aspect of this research program is that it will tackle three independent, but complementary, issues that influence antimicrobial resistance in pigs. The three objectives are expected to offer a synergistic effect to reduce antibiotic resistance. This research program will advance our fundamental knowledge of microbiology in agriculture, foster the development of concrete solutions for mitigating antibiotic resistance in pig farms, and train highly qualified personnel at various levels.

农业和农业食品部门为加拿大经济贡献了超过1,19亿加元，并在全国雇用了230万人。加拿大是猪肉全球第三大出口商，2017年为778,663吨，CAD收入为26亿美元。包括养猪在内的加拿大农业食品领域的粮食安全是加拿大的主要可持续性目标。像所有生物一样，猪会不断与微生物互动。尽管这些相互作用中的大多数对动物都是中性或有益的，但某些致病性微生物可能会导致严重的疾病，从而导致该行业的经济损失巨大。密集的农业方法倾向于创造一个有利于感染的环境。发现后不久，抗生素开始被用来最大程度地减少由传染性细菌疾病引起的动物损失。抗生素使提高生产力并改善动物福利成为可能。但是，在几十年中，在包括农业部门在内的大多数人类活动领域，在包括农业领域的大多数领域中，细菌菌株对抗生素有抗性。由于预计猪肉的需求将增加以支持不断增长的人群，因此必须找到可持续的方法来减轻病原体的影响，而没有增加对抗生素抵抗力的经济和生态成本。该研究计划的长期目标是减轻抗生素耐药性对猪的影响。在接下来的五年中，该研究将采取以下步骤：（1）确定参与猪肠道微生物群中抗生素耐药基因传播的微生物参与者，希望能够开发出靶向的方法来减少病原体。 （2）通过优化益生菌细菌，使其对猪胃肠道的敌对条件具有更大的抵抗力来减轻感染风险和抗生素耐药性。 （3）找到可以在肥料中使用抗生素残基作为碳源的细菌，并表征了这种生物修复过程所涉及的分子机制。为了实现所提出的目标，我们将使用一种原始的整体方法，该方法结合了经典的微生物学，生物信息学和动物科学。该研究计划的创新方面是，它将解决三个独立但互补的问题，这些问题会影响猪的抗菌素耐药性。预计这三个目标将提供协同作用，以降低抗生素耐药性。该研究计划将提高我们对农业微生物学的基本知识，促进开发混凝土解决方案，以减轻养猪场中的抗生素耐药性，并在各个层面上培训高素质的人员。