家蚕geminin基因对丝腺细胞高效核内有丝分裂的调控研究

家蚕丝腺是昆虫中最为特殊的生物学器官，家蚕从孵化到五龄吐丝期间，丝腺细胞将经历持续17-19轮核内有丝分裂，其DNA含量高达正常2倍体细胞的20-40万倍，具有高效的核内有丝分裂和丝蛋白合成能力，因此丝腺细胞高效核内有丝分裂调控关键基因的研究具有重要的理论和应用价值。利用生物信息学分析、基因定点突变、RNAi、蛋白质组分析和家蚕转基因等方法，对丝腺细胞核内有丝分裂DNA重复复制调控的关键基因BmGeminin研究，可获得其在家蚕细胞内和不同发育时期丝腺细胞中的时空表达特征和功能，探明其在丝腺细胞高效核内有丝分裂中DNA重复复制的调控作用以及对丝腺发育的影响。这些研究结果可为丝腺细胞高效核内有丝分裂调控机制的解析提供理论支撑，丰富和完善细胞周期调控理论；可为高抗低产的家蚕品种的遗传改良提供新途径；可加快家蚕丝腺成为高效生物反应器的进程。

Silk glands is the most special biological organs in insects. During the larval stage, 17-19 rounds of endomitotic DNA replication occur in the silk gland, resulting in each cell containing approximately 400,000 times the haploid genomic DNA content.The silk gland cells have the largest time span and the most DNA replication of endomitosis in the known species cells. It will become a research focus that the key genes of endomotisis regulation are studied in silk gland cells.BmGeminin,the key gene of endomotisis regulation,will be studied in silk gland cells by the methods of bioinformatics analysis, gene mutation, RNAi, proteome analysis and transferred gene silkworm. We can Identify the BmGeminin gene, obtain its expression characteristics and function in the silkworm cells and the silk gland cells, and prove its impact within the regulation of the silk gland cells endomitosis and development of the silk gland. These results can provide theoretical support for the large scale endomitosis regulatory mechanism in the silk gland cells, enrich and improve the theory of the cell cycle regulation, provide new ways of genetic improvement for the silkworm varieties with good resistance but low yielding, promote the silk gland as a bioreactor to produce the active substances.