硅酸盐矿物和碳酸盐矿物的风化与大气碳循环有密切关联，微生物与这两类矿物的相互作用广泛存在，其中所涉及的对碳素迁移转化的影响对当今全球气候变化等热点问题的研究有重要意义。本申请综合运用地球化学、微生物学和分子生物学中的研究手段，结合室内模拟和野外试验，开展微生物对碳酸盐矿物、硅酸盐矿物以及两类矿物不同组合的风化研究，通过对微生物-矿物相互作用过程中阴阳离子浓度、碳酸酐酶活性、基因表达、碳同位素组成以及生成的次生矿物等指标的检测，揭示微生物-矿物相互作用及其对碳迁移转化影响的基本规律，构建微生物-碳酸盐矿物-硅酸盐矿物相互作用对碳迁移转化影响的研究体系。利用硅酸盐矿物经生物转化制作的有机矿物肥料，研究其在岩溶山地土壤的施肥效应及其对土壤碳素迁移转化的影响，进行模型构建和定量分析。尝试在喀斯特山区建立既能提高土壤肥力又能增加土壤碳汇的新方法，为应对全球变化的岩溶山地科学施肥措施提供科学依据。

The weathering of silicate and carbonate mineral has high affinity to atmospheric carbon cycle, and the interactions between microorganisms and both types of minerals are widespread on the earth surface, which involving the effect on carbon migration and conversion is extremely significant to the study of these hot problems like globe climate change at present. Some methods involved in geochemistry, microbiology and molecular biology will be utilized synthetically in this project, and the microbial weathering research combining laboratory simulation and field test will be carried out on the two types of minerals and their different combinations. Some indexes like anion and cation ion concentration, carbonic anhydrase activity，gene expression,carbon isotopic composition and secondary minerals will be detected and analyzed so that we can reveal the basic regularity how the interactions between microbes and minerals affect carbon migration and conversion and then establish the scientific research system. We will also apply organic mineral fertilizer which is biologically converted from silicate minerals to Karst agricultural fields to study how the fertilization affects carbon migration and conversion in soil, to construct a model and make quantitative analysis. The attempt to create new method can both improve soil fertility and increase soil carbon sink so as to provide a new method and theoreticle basis for the soil scientific fertilization practice coping with globe change and sustainable development in Karst mountainous region.