开放性骨折和感染导致的大型骨缺损的重建，需要多次清创手术和长期全身抗生素的治疗。由骨髓炎导致的广泛的骨丢失治疗仍然是具有挑战性的医学难题，需要同时考虑感染控制和骨再生。局部应用抗生素和骨诱导剂是重建感染骨缺损的有效方法，但是在没有合适的药物递送系统的情况下，这种治疗增加了抗生素耐药性和毒副作用。我们在前期工作中设计表征了新型的非磷脂脂质体，其由单链双亲小分子和高含量的甾醇分子形成，并表现出显著增加的纳米颗粒稳定性。尽管脂质体对于控制递送治疗剂是非常有吸引力的，但是构建脂质体的生物材料不具有真正的生物活性，并且没有固有的治疗效果。本课题将开发一种药物纳米载体，使其可以在感染性的骨骼部位发挥抗菌活性，同时增强成骨细胞代谢以修复骨缺失。我们拟通过有效地选择单链双亲小分子（氯化十六烷基吡啶CPC）和甾醇分子（Oxy），构建具有抗菌和骨诱导性能的新型脂质体。本课题将为感染性骨缺损治疗提供新思路。

Reconstruction of large skeletal defects resulting from open fracture and infection requires multiple debridement surgeries and long-term systemic antibiotic treatment. The extensive bone loss in osteomyelitis remains a challenging medical problem that demands simultaneous consideration of both infection control and bone regeneration. Local application of antimicrobial and/or osteoinductive agents is a promising approach for reconstructing the infected defects but the treatment is suboptimal in the absence of appropriate delivery system, increasing the risk of antibiotic resistance and adverse drug toxicity. In our previous research, we have designed and characterized a novel type of non-phospholipid liposomes formulated with single-chain amphiphiles and high content of sterols that presented significantly increased nanoparticle stability compared to conventional phospholipid liposomes. Although these systems are highly attractive for controlled delivery of therapeutic agents, the liposomal biomaterials are not truly bioactive and have no intrinsic therapeutic effects. This study will develop a drug nanocarrier platform that can exert antibacterial activity in the infectious bone site, while concomitantly enhancing osteoblastic metabolism to restore destructive bone. We propose a new sterosome formulation with antibacterial and osteoinductive properties by an effective selection of a single-chain amphiphile (cetylpyridinium chloride, CPC) and sterol (Oxy). This study will provide new ideas for the treatment of bone loos in osteomyelitis.