新氮杂环卡宾催化剂的研发与卡宾催化的新反应模式探索

目前，手性的氮杂环卡宾催化反应主要集中在手性三唑卡宾中，由于反应活性的限制，很多低活性或具有挑战性的底物都无法被高效的活化。针对目前的问题，我们提出了“新氮杂环卡宾催化剂的研发与卡宾催化的新反应模式探索”。初步研究发现，新咪唑类卡宾不仅可以高效的活化挑战性底物，而且在与一些常见的底物反应中也展现出了优于三唑卡宾的催化能力。因此，拟申请此项目希望系统、深入的探究一些新的氮杂环卡宾，同时以此为基础，提出新的卡宾催化反应模式。将在以下方面展开：（1）新卡宾催化剂结构设计和研究，希望可以将它们用于更多氮杂环卡宾无法催化的反应；（2）双官能或多官能卡宾催化剂的研发，希望在原有的基础上开发出具有多活化位点的卡宾催化剂，扩大氮杂环卡宾的应用范围；（3）结合光催化单电子氧化还原模式，探索一种新的光催化与氮杂环卡宾共催化的单电子氧化模式，提高反应效率。这些结果相信会成为传统方法的重要补充。

At present, most asymmetric reactions catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are focus on chiral triazolium catalyst. Because of the restriction of activity, many low active and challenging substances still could not be activated efficiently. And this will be a great challenge for NHC in the field of organocatalysis. To this end, we designed and developed a new concept termed as “The development of new NHCs and novel reaction mode”. We found that the new C1-symmetric biaryl-saturated imidazolium not only could be applied in long-standing challenge substrate, but also represented an outstanding ability in normal reaction. Therefore, we would like to further develop this concept in this project. The proposal will focus on the following topics: 1) the design and application of new NHCs that enable some inefficient reactions become work; 2) the design and exploration of new multifunctional NHCs, this will significantly expand the application area of NHCs in the field of organocatalysis; 3) the study of new mode of NHC catalyzed oxidative single electron transfer on the basis of photoredox catalysis. These results will make important complementation to the limitations associated with traditional methods.