抗污染功能化导电聚合物纳米线的研制及在血清中microRNA检测应用

在血清中生物传感器因共存蛋白质非特异性吸附造成生物污染而失效，导致生物传感器不能在实际生物样品中直接使用。构建抗污染界面可以有效减少蛋白质的非特异性吸附。本项目拟采用电化学法合成导电聚合物纳米线，在其表面通过原位共聚法、自组装法、化学键合法等技术修饰上抗污染材料薄层，构建一种新型的抗污染功能化导电聚合物纳米线。这种新型纳米线复合物结合了导电聚合物纳米线的优势（固有的电活性和良好的导电性）和抗污染材料的特点（良好的生物相容性和抗蛋白质非特异性吸附）。利用此新型抗污染功能化纳米线复合材料固定特异性识别的DNA或者PNA探针，构建灵敏度高、选择性好的基因生物传感器，同时建立一个以电化学技术为主的评价体系，评估修饰材料和传感界面的抗污染性能。该新型传感器有望实现在不分离、不稀释条件下直接检测血清中低浓度疾病标志物MicroRNAs，有效推进生物传感器的实用化进程。

The biosensor can’t work in human serum because biofouling arises from nonspecific adsorption from the coexisting proteins. As a result, the biosensor can’t be used in biological samples. The antifouling surface effectively reduces the nonspecific adsorption from proteins. In this proposed study, the conducting polymer nanowires can be prepared using electrochemical methods; subsequently a thin layer of antifouling materials modify the nanowire surface through in situ copolymerization method, self-assembly method and chemical covalent bonding method. The novel nanowire composite can manifest the strong property of antifouling. The new nanocompotite combines the merits of conducting polymer (inherent electroactivity and good conductivity) with the properties of antifouling materials (excellent biocompatibility and fouling-resistant property). A gene biosensor with excellent properties of high sensitivity and selectivity will be constructed by further immobilization of probe DNA or PNA. At the same time, this project is to establish an evaluation system based on electrochemical technique to evaluate the antifouling performance of the modified material and the sensing interface. The biosensor is expected to be capable of realizing the direct detection of disease markers (microRNAs) with low concentrations in human serum without further separation and dilution. The biosensor has great potential in practical applications.