腹泻病是重要的公共卫生问题和全球性疾病负担，目前腹泻病患者中约有40%的病原体不明。近20年来，陆续发现了一些新的腹泻病毒，我们前期的研究也在腹泻病患者中检测到几种新发腹泻病毒。目前对这些新发腹泻病毒的病原学特点、宿主范围、传染源、传播机制以及流行病学了解甚少，亟待开展有关研究。国内外的一些研究以及本课题组的前期研究发现，鼠能携带某些人源新发腹泻病毒，人能感染某些鼠源新发腹泻病毒，提示这些新发腹泻病毒可能是人畜共患病毒，家栖鼠有可能参与其传播。因此，我们拟以腹泻患者以及家栖鼠为研究对象，结合现场流行病学研究方法和实验室方法，开展新发腹泻病毒性腹泻的分子流行病学研究，分析新发腹泻病毒性腹泻的危险因素、探讨家栖鼠在这些病毒传播中的作用，进而阐明新发腹泻病毒的传播机制，补充新发腹泻病毒性腹泻的流行病学知识，为防制病毒性腹泻提供科学依据。

Diarrheal disease is an important public health problem and global burden of disease. About 40% of etiological agents of diarrhea remain unclear. Last two decades, several emerging viruses have been recognized as the cause of diarrheal diseases. Our previous studies had also detected emerging diarrhea viruses in patients with diarrhea in recent years. There are few epidemiological studies on diarrhea caused by these emerging diarrhea viruses. The viral traits, the mechanism of transmission, host ranges and epidemiology of these viruses are still unclear. It is urgent necessary to study these issues. The findings of some studies as well as previous research by our team, suggest that these emerging diarrhea viruses may be zoonotic viruses, and that commensal rodents may involve in their transmission. Therefore, we propose this research topic. We will conduct a molecular epidemiological study of diarrhea caused by emerging diarrheal viruses, based on field epidemiology and laboratory methods. We intent to find risk factors of diarrhea caused by emerging viruses, and explore the role of commensal rodents in the spread of these viruses. The results of the study will clarify the mechanism of the spread of the viral agents, and complete the epidemiological knowledge of diarrhea related to newly recovered viruses and provide a scientific basis for the scientific prevention and control of viral diarrhea.