母胎界面驻留γδ T细胞的独特功能及其对胎儿生长发育的影响

组织驻留淋巴细胞（Tissue-Resident Lymphocytes）及与之相应的组织器官区域免疫是当前备受关注的研究热点。母胎界面的免疫细胞组成具有明显区域特性，γδ T细胞是母胎界面的重要细胞群，但对该部位γδ T细胞是否独具功能特性还缺乏系统全面的了解。 本研究拟在前期项目的基础上进一步聚焦母胎界面驻留γδ T细胞，通过免疫组化、细胞组学及转录组学等先进方法对蜕膜γδ T细胞的表型、驻留特性及其与生长发育相关功能进行系统研究；再采用细胞共培养技术、抗体特异阻断技术及临床样本验证试验探讨蜕膜γδ T细胞对胎盘滋养细胞、血管内皮细胞及母胎界面其它免疫细胞的作用与机制，证实该部位γδ T细胞功能对胎儿生长发育的直接或间接影响。上述研究成果将明确母胎界面驻留γδ T细胞的独特表型及功能意义，提升我们对母胎界面区域免疫特征的理解，帮助临床解惑更多的妊娠相关疾病尤其是胎儿生长发育问题。

Tissue-resident lymphocytes and its corresponding tissue-organ regional immunity are currently the focus of attention. The composition and function of immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface have obvious regional characteristics. Gamma-delta T cells are an important cell group at the maternal-fetal interface. However, the functional characteristics of gamma-delta T cells at the maternal-fetal interface have not been systematically and comprehensively understood. This project will further focus on the maternal-fetal interface gamma-delta T cells on the basis of previous projects, and systematically study the phenotype, residence characteristics and cytokine secretion characteristics of decidual gamma-delta T cells by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and transcriptome sequencing. Then, The effects and mechanisms of decidual resident gamma-delta T cells on trophoblasts, vascular endothelial cells and other immune cells at maternal-fetal interface were studied by in vitro co-culture of tissue cells, antibody-specific blocking technique and clinical sample validation test, and the direct or indirect effects of gamma-delta T cell function on fetal growth and development were discussed. The results of this study will further clarify the physiological and pathological significance of the presence of gamma-delta T cells at the maternal-fetal interface, enhance our understanding of the immunological characteristics at the maternal-fetal interface, and provide new ideas for solving more pregnancy-related diseases, especially the growth and development of the fetus.