本项目利用近期发展起来的局域电势测量技术在载流的薄膜上以纳米尺度的分辨率探测电子化学势的空间分布。化学势的空间变化与电子输运过程中发生的各种散射过程直接相关。具有实空间分辨率的局域电势测量可实现在微观尺度上研究材料的输运特性，给出各种散射机制对载流子输运性质的影响，有助于在微观上理解电子定向运动中各种动量转移和能量转移过程。项目将研究处于传统输运区的薄膜中出现的若干基本物理问题，阐明异质结附近电荷耗尽层的结构，在微观上获得超导体中载流子与磁通涡旋散射的信息，并争取发现可以实现黏性流的体系。预期项目的实施将系统性地发展局域电势测量技术，使之成为一项被越来越多人采用的实验方法。

By using scanning tunneling potentiometry, this project probes the spatial distribution of chemical potential in current-carrying thin films with nanoscale resolution. The spatial variation of chemical potential is closely related to the scattering processes during transport. The local chemical potential measurement studies the electron transport microscopically, which provides local information of various scattering mechanisms and insightful understanding of momentum and energy transferring. The project will investigate several fundamental problems in the classical transport regime, elucidate the structure of depletion region of heterostructure, observe the scattering between carriers and magnetic vortices in high Tc superconductors, and try to find the signature of viscous flow in electron transport. The project will systematically develop the local chemical potential measurement technique.