凝聚态系统中不寻常拓扑体系（包括拓扑绝缘体等）的发现标志着凝聚态物理研究的划时代变革。一方面，这些特殊系统所蕴含的物理信息被认为有助于解答诸如反物质的缺失等终极的物理学疑难；另一方面，拓扑绝缘体及相关的自旋电子学知识将为下一代甚至下两代的量子计算的概念提供线索。本项目旨在利用角分辨光电子能谱仪（ARPES）研究以下的拓扑不寻常体系，以期发现新的拓扑不寻常现象，拓宽人们对凝聚态系统多样性的认识：（一）具有三维Dirac锥电子态的材料、具有体Rashba效应的系统和Weyl半金属；（二）拓扑超导体和超导的拓扑绝缘体；（三）基于拓扑绝缘体的异质结构；（四）拓扑近藤绝缘体。由于只有基于同步辐射光源的ARPES技术能够完整探测样品的动量空间，而我国配备ARPES终端的同步辐射光源尚未对用户开放，因此本申请涉及的研究将主要由国外的同步辐射光源承担，本申请的资助将主要用于我和我的小组成员的出境国际旅费。

The discovery of topologically non-trivial states of matter (including topological insulators, TI) opens up a new realm of knowledge for fundamental condensed matter physics. The impact of this rapid growing field extends from basic science to technical applications. On one hand, these materials may contain information that helps answering questions as fundamental as why dark matter is missing in the Universe. On the other hand, they are expected to shed light on technical concepts toward future quantum computing process via the application of spintronics. The purpose of the present funding application is to study systematically the electronic structures of various topological non-trivial systems using angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) – a technique that is famous for its unique momentum space resolution – in order to discover novel topological phases of condensed matter, and gain new insight on the versatility of condensed matter systems. Within the scope of this application, we aim at studying the following directions: (1) Three dimensional Dirac cone materials, Bulk Rashba systems and Weyl semimetals; (2) Topological superconductors and superconducting TIs; (3) TI-based heterostructures; and (4) Topological Kondo insulators. Since the entire momentum space of a material can be probed only by synchrotron-based ARPES systems, and such systems are currently unavailable in China, the researches included in this proposal will be conducted at several foreign synchrotron light sources; the monetary support of this application will mainly be used on foreign travels to various synchrotrons around the globe.