纳米多孔材料因具有大的比表面积而被视为酶固定化的良好载体。但通常的制备过程为，先合成载体再进行酶的固载，此种方法虽然能够提高酶的稳定性，但工艺复杂且会导致酶活性降低，从而影响了固定化酶的应用。近几年出现了有机-无机杂化的多级纳米花状固定化酶制备技术，使载体的合成和酶的固定化一步完成，简化了制备流程，制备的固定化酶具有高度增强的催化活性。但其活性增强的机理尚不清楚。本项目以脂肪酶-无机杂化纳米花的自组装为研究体系，系统地研究金属离子的种类、酶的包埋率、纳米花孔隙率及酶的分子构象等因素对纳米花固定化酶催化活性的影响规律，确定纳米花固定化酶的催化活性与其花型结构的关系，并通过纳米花固定化酶在具体反应体系中的实际催化情况，探明纳米花固定化酶具有超高酶活力的确切原因，揭示其催化作用机制。该研究不仅为纳米花固定化酶的合理设计提供理论依据，也将对多种酶的纳米级固定化起到积极的指导作用。

Nanoscale porous materials have been considered as a favorable carrier in enzymatic immobilization because of their large specific surface area. However, using pre-synthesized carriers for enzymatic immobilization lead to several drawbacks, such as complicated preparation process and lower activity of enzyme, which hinders the broad-ranging applications of immobilized enzymes. In recent years, the enzyme-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers have been reported. This kind of immobilized technology simplifies the process of preparation, which enables the synthesis of carrier and enzymatic immobilization in one step. Especially, in this method, not only the stability of immobilized enzyme is improved, enzymatic activity is also increased greatly. But the mechanism of active enhancement is unclear. In this project, the research system is self-assembly of lipase-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers. The influence rule of metal ions’ specie, the yield of entrapped enzyme, void ratio of nanoflowers and the enzyme conformation on catalytic activity of immobilized enzyme will be investigated systematically. The relationship between catalytic activity and pattern structure of immobilized enzyme will be explored. And according to the actual catalytic effect at specific reaction system, catalytic mechanism of immobilized lipase will be confirmed. This study is beneficial to rational design of enzyme-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers. It will also have a positive guiding function on a variety of nanoscale enzymatic immobilization.